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Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Polar Compounds from Camellia sinensis Leaves: Use of Ethanol/Water as a Green Polarity Modifier

The use of bioactive plant extracts in cosmetic products is a common practice. Most of these extracts are obtained by maceration in organic solvents, and depending on which solvents are used, the polarity and the structure of the target molecules will vary. Polyphenols are polar compounds that often...

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Autores principales: Atwi-Ghaddar, Sirine, Zerwette, Lydie, Destandau, Emilie, Lesellier, Eric
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10384759/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37513357
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145485
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author Atwi-Ghaddar, Sirine
Zerwette, Lydie
Destandau, Emilie
Lesellier, Eric
author_facet Atwi-Ghaddar, Sirine
Zerwette, Lydie
Destandau, Emilie
Lesellier, Eric
author_sort Atwi-Ghaddar, Sirine
collection PubMed
description The use of bioactive plant extracts in cosmetic products is a common practice. Most of these extracts are obtained by maceration in organic solvents, and depending on which solvents are used, the polarity and the structure of the target molecules will vary. Polyphenols are polar compounds that often display antioxidant and/or antibacterial activities. To extract them, ethanol/water mixtures are usually selected as green solvents. This solid–liquid extraction (assisted or not) requires the use of high volumes of solvents and many additional steps like mixing, agitation, filtration, and evaporation. Alternatively, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO(2)) offers many benefits for plant extraction: economical, non-toxic, and naturally concentrated extracts. However, its low polarity is not suitable to solubilize polar compounds. In this study, an experimental design was used to optimize supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of caffeine and catechins from Camellia sinensis. Catechins are recognized for skin care use (antioxidant) and caffeine is also used for its skin care properties and to prevent excess storage of fat in cells. The temperature, modifier content, and water additive percentage were used as independent variables. The results showed that while the temperature was an insignificant parameter, a higher percentage of water (up to 20% in ethanol) and modifier favored the extraction of the polar target molecules. Additionally, the SFE results were compared with ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Finally, a sequential selective extraction of caffeine from catechins is also presented.
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spelling pubmed-103847592023-07-30 Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Polar Compounds from Camellia sinensis Leaves: Use of Ethanol/Water as a Green Polarity Modifier Atwi-Ghaddar, Sirine Zerwette, Lydie Destandau, Emilie Lesellier, Eric Molecules Article The use of bioactive plant extracts in cosmetic products is a common practice. Most of these extracts are obtained by maceration in organic solvents, and depending on which solvents are used, the polarity and the structure of the target molecules will vary. Polyphenols are polar compounds that often display antioxidant and/or antibacterial activities. To extract them, ethanol/water mixtures are usually selected as green solvents. This solid–liquid extraction (assisted or not) requires the use of high volumes of solvents and many additional steps like mixing, agitation, filtration, and evaporation. Alternatively, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO(2)) offers many benefits for plant extraction: economical, non-toxic, and naturally concentrated extracts. However, its low polarity is not suitable to solubilize polar compounds. In this study, an experimental design was used to optimize supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of caffeine and catechins from Camellia sinensis. Catechins are recognized for skin care use (antioxidant) and caffeine is also used for its skin care properties and to prevent excess storage of fat in cells. The temperature, modifier content, and water additive percentage were used as independent variables. The results showed that while the temperature was an insignificant parameter, a higher percentage of water (up to 20% in ethanol) and modifier favored the extraction of the polar target molecules. Additionally, the SFE results were compared with ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Finally, a sequential selective extraction of caffeine from catechins is also presented. MDPI 2023-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10384759/ /pubmed/37513357 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145485 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Atwi-Ghaddar, Sirine
Zerwette, Lydie
Destandau, Emilie
Lesellier, Eric
Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Polar Compounds from Camellia sinensis Leaves: Use of Ethanol/Water as a Green Polarity Modifier
title Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Polar Compounds from Camellia sinensis Leaves: Use of Ethanol/Water as a Green Polarity Modifier
title_full Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Polar Compounds from Camellia sinensis Leaves: Use of Ethanol/Water as a Green Polarity Modifier
title_fullStr Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Polar Compounds from Camellia sinensis Leaves: Use of Ethanol/Water as a Green Polarity Modifier
title_full_unstemmed Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Polar Compounds from Camellia sinensis Leaves: Use of Ethanol/Water as a Green Polarity Modifier
title_short Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) of Polar Compounds from Camellia sinensis Leaves: Use of Ethanol/Water as a Green Polarity Modifier
title_sort supercritical fluid extraction (sfe) of polar compounds from camellia sinensis leaves: use of ethanol/water as a green polarity modifier
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10384759/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37513357
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145485
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