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Early-Life Metabolic Traits and Physical Fitness in Tarahumara, Mennonite, and Mestizo Adolescents from Northern Mexico

The WHO identifies high BMI, high blood pressure, and high fasting plasma glucose as chronic disease risk factors, whereas physical fitness is identified as a protective behavioral factor. This study responds to the rising interest in assessing metabolic factors and physical activity within young po...

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Autores principales: Nájera-Longoria, Raúl J., Leal-Berumen, Irene, Rangel-Ledezma, Yunuen S., Licón-Trillo, Angel, Moreno-Brito, Verónica, González-Rodríguez, Everardo, Conchas-Ramírez, Miguel, Alcalá-Sánchez, Imelda G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10385102/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37513626
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15143208
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author Nájera-Longoria, Raúl J.
Leal-Berumen, Irene
Rangel-Ledezma, Yunuen S.
Licón-Trillo, Angel
Moreno-Brito, Verónica
González-Rodríguez, Everardo
Conchas-Ramírez, Miguel
Alcalá-Sánchez, Imelda G.
author_facet Nájera-Longoria, Raúl J.
Leal-Berumen, Irene
Rangel-Ledezma, Yunuen S.
Licón-Trillo, Angel
Moreno-Brito, Verónica
González-Rodríguez, Everardo
Conchas-Ramírez, Miguel
Alcalá-Sánchez, Imelda G.
author_sort Nájera-Longoria, Raúl J.
collection PubMed
description The WHO identifies high BMI, high blood pressure, and high fasting plasma glucose as chronic disease risk factors, whereas physical fitness is identified as a protective behavioral factor. This study responds to the rising interest in assessing metabolic factors and physical activity within young populations of Mestizo, Tarahumara, and Mennonite from Chihuahua Mexico, due to its strong relationship with disease development and low well-being. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 201 teenagers from rural towns in Northern Mexico, and relationships between physical fitness and cardio-metabolic risk related to anthropometric, glycolipid, and vascular function factors were assessed. ANOVA-tested differences among ethnic groups using physical fitness as a grouping variable and measures of cardio-metabolic risks were used as dependent variables. A stepwise regression analysis allowed us to identify the best predictors for physical fitness. Clinical risk factors were analyzed by ethnic group and sex. No differences were found among ethnic groups in physical fitness and cardio-metabolic health risks; sex differentiated higher health risks related to behavioral factors, since young women showed lower physical fitness across ethnicities. Clinically, the Mestizo sample showed higher numbers of individuals with one risk factor. Mennonites showed a high frequency of anthropometric and fitness health risks with low glycolipid and vascular risks. Tarahumara had fewer risk factors as compared with both Mestizo and Mennonite. Rural populations are harder to reach, both for health assessment and intervention; health professionals must work close to local community organizations to gain access.
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spelling pubmed-103851022023-07-30 Early-Life Metabolic Traits and Physical Fitness in Tarahumara, Mennonite, and Mestizo Adolescents from Northern Mexico Nájera-Longoria, Raúl J. Leal-Berumen, Irene Rangel-Ledezma, Yunuen S. Licón-Trillo, Angel Moreno-Brito, Verónica González-Rodríguez, Everardo Conchas-Ramírez, Miguel Alcalá-Sánchez, Imelda G. Nutrients Article The WHO identifies high BMI, high blood pressure, and high fasting plasma glucose as chronic disease risk factors, whereas physical fitness is identified as a protective behavioral factor. This study responds to the rising interest in assessing metabolic factors and physical activity within young populations of Mestizo, Tarahumara, and Mennonite from Chihuahua Mexico, due to its strong relationship with disease development and low well-being. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 201 teenagers from rural towns in Northern Mexico, and relationships between physical fitness and cardio-metabolic risk related to anthropometric, glycolipid, and vascular function factors were assessed. ANOVA-tested differences among ethnic groups using physical fitness as a grouping variable and measures of cardio-metabolic risks were used as dependent variables. A stepwise regression analysis allowed us to identify the best predictors for physical fitness. Clinical risk factors were analyzed by ethnic group and sex. No differences were found among ethnic groups in physical fitness and cardio-metabolic health risks; sex differentiated higher health risks related to behavioral factors, since young women showed lower physical fitness across ethnicities. Clinically, the Mestizo sample showed higher numbers of individuals with one risk factor. Mennonites showed a high frequency of anthropometric and fitness health risks with low glycolipid and vascular risks. Tarahumara had fewer risk factors as compared with both Mestizo and Mennonite. Rural populations are harder to reach, both for health assessment and intervention; health professionals must work close to local community organizations to gain access. MDPI 2023-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10385102/ /pubmed/37513626 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15143208 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Nájera-Longoria, Raúl J.
Leal-Berumen, Irene
Rangel-Ledezma, Yunuen S.
Licón-Trillo, Angel
Moreno-Brito, Verónica
González-Rodríguez, Everardo
Conchas-Ramírez, Miguel
Alcalá-Sánchez, Imelda G.
Early-Life Metabolic Traits and Physical Fitness in Tarahumara, Mennonite, and Mestizo Adolescents from Northern Mexico
title Early-Life Metabolic Traits and Physical Fitness in Tarahumara, Mennonite, and Mestizo Adolescents from Northern Mexico
title_full Early-Life Metabolic Traits and Physical Fitness in Tarahumara, Mennonite, and Mestizo Adolescents from Northern Mexico
title_fullStr Early-Life Metabolic Traits and Physical Fitness in Tarahumara, Mennonite, and Mestizo Adolescents from Northern Mexico
title_full_unstemmed Early-Life Metabolic Traits and Physical Fitness in Tarahumara, Mennonite, and Mestizo Adolescents from Northern Mexico
title_short Early-Life Metabolic Traits and Physical Fitness in Tarahumara, Mennonite, and Mestizo Adolescents from Northern Mexico
title_sort early-life metabolic traits and physical fitness in tarahumara, mennonite, and mestizo adolescents from northern mexico
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10385102/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37513626
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15143208
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