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Open-Path Laser Absorption Sensor for Mobile Measurements of Atmospheric Ammonia

Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia to the atmosphere, particularly those from agricultural sources, can be damaging to the environment and human health and can drive a need for sensor technologies that can be used to detect and quantify the emissions. Mobile sensing approaches that can be deployed o...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Shadman, Soran, Miller, Thomas W., Yalin, Azer P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10385541/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37514791
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23146498
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author Shadman, Soran
Miller, Thomas W.
Yalin, Azer P.
author_facet Shadman, Soran
Miller, Thomas W.
Yalin, Azer P.
author_sort Shadman, Soran
collection PubMed
description Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia to the atmosphere, particularly those from agricultural sources, can be damaging to the environment and human health and can drive a need for sensor technologies that can be used to detect and quantify the emissions. Mobile sensing approaches that can be deployed on ground-based or aerial vehicles can provide scalable solutions for high throughput measurements but require relatively compact and low-power sensor systems. This contribution presents an ammonia sensor based on wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) integrated with a Herriott multi-pass cell and a quantum cascade laser (QCL) at 10.33 µm oriented to mobile use. An open-path configuration is used to mitigate sticky-gas effects and achieve high time-response. The final sensor package is relatively small (~20 L), lightweight (~3.5 kg), battery-powered (<30 W) and operates autonomously. Details of the WMS setup and analysis method are presented along with laboratory tests showing sensor accuracy (<~2%) and precision (~4 ppb in 1 s). Initial field deployments on both ground vehicles and a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are also presented.
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spelling pubmed-103855412023-07-30 Open-Path Laser Absorption Sensor for Mobile Measurements of Atmospheric Ammonia Shadman, Soran Miller, Thomas W. Yalin, Azer P. Sensors (Basel) Article Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia to the atmosphere, particularly those from agricultural sources, can be damaging to the environment and human health and can drive a need for sensor technologies that can be used to detect and quantify the emissions. Mobile sensing approaches that can be deployed on ground-based or aerial vehicles can provide scalable solutions for high throughput measurements but require relatively compact and low-power sensor systems. This contribution presents an ammonia sensor based on wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) integrated with a Herriott multi-pass cell and a quantum cascade laser (QCL) at 10.33 µm oriented to mobile use. An open-path configuration is used to mitigate sticky-gas effects and achieve high time-response. The final sensor package is relatively small (~20 L), lightweight (~3.5 kg), battery-powered (<30 W) and operates autonomously. Details of the WMS setup and analysis method are presented along with laboratory tests showing sensor accuracy (<~2%) and precision (~4 ppb in 1 s). Initial field deployments on both ground vehicles and a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are also presented. MDPI 2023-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10385541/ /pubmed/37514791 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23146498 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Shadman, Soran
Miller, Thomas W.
Yalin, Azer P.
Open-Path Laser Absorption Sensor for Mobile Measurements of Atmospheric Ammonia
title Open-Path Laser Absorption Sensor for Mobile Measurements of Atmospheric Ammonia
title_full Open-Path Laser Absorption Sensor for Mobile Measurements of Atmospheric Ammonia
title_fullStr Open-Path Laser Absorption Sensor for Mobile Measurements of Atmospheric Ammonia
title_full_unstemmed Open-Path Laser Absorption Sensor for Mobile Measurements of Atmospheric Ammonia
title_short Open-Path Laser Absorption Sensor for Mobile Measurements of Atmospheric Ammonia
title_sort open-path laser absorption sensor for mobile measurements of atmospheric ammonia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10385541/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37514791
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23146498
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