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Serological Responses after a Fourth Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
The humoral immune response and safety of the fourth dose of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients need to be fully elucidated. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety associated with this additional do...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10385971/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37514946 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071130 |
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author | Mu, Yameng Wu, Hongxiao Jiang, Zhouling Liu, Kehang Xue, Xiaoyu Zhang, Wei Chen, Zhihai |
author_facet | Mu, Yameng Wu, Hongxiao Jiang, Zhouling Liu, Kehang Xue, Xiaoyu Zhang, Wei Chen, Zhihai |
author_sort | Mu, Yameng |
collection | PubMed |
description | The humoral immune response and safety of the fourth dose of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients need to be fully elucidated. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety associated with this additional dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in the SOT recipients. A comprehensive search was conducted to identify studies on SOT patients without prior natural SARS-CoV-2 infection who received the fourth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Serological antibody responses following vaccination were synthesized by a meta-analysis of proportions. The proportions for each outcome were integrated by using a random-effects model. Approximately 56–92% of the SOT patients developed a humoral immune response, and the pooled seroprevalence rate was 75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 62–82%) after administering the third vaccine dose. Following the fourth dose of vaccination, approximately 76–95% of the patients developed a humoral immune response. The pooled seroprevalence rate after the fourth dose was 85% (95% CI, 79–91%). Of the patients who initially tested seronegative after the second dose, approximately 22–76% of patients subsequently became seropositive after the third dose. The pooled seroconversion rate for the third dose was 47% (95% CI, 31–64%). Among the patients who were seronegative after the third dose, approximately 25–76% turned seropositive after the fourth dose. The pooled seroconversion rate after the fourth dose was 51% (95% CI, 40–63%). Safety data were reported in three studies, demonstrating that adverse effects following the fourth dose were generally mild, and patients with these adverse effects did not require hospitalization. No transplant rejection or serious adverse events were observed. A fourth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in SOT recipients was associated with an improved humoral immune response, and the vaccine was considered relatively safe. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10385971 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103859712023-07-30 Serological Responses after a Fourth Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Mu, Yameng Wu, Hongxiao Jiang, Zhouling Liu, Kehang Xue, Xiaoyu Zhang, Wei Chen, Zhihai Vaccines (Basel) Systematic Review The humoral immune response and safety of the fourth dose of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients need to be fully elucidated. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety associated with this additional dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in the SOT recipients. A comprehensive search was conducted to identify studies on SOT patients without prior natural SARS-CoV-2 infection who received the fourth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Serological antibody responses following vaccination were synthesized by a meta-analysis of proportions. The proportions for each outcome were integrated by using a random-effects model. Approximately 56–92% of the SOT patients developed a humoral immune response, and the pooled seroprevalence rate was 75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 62–82%) after administering the third vaccine dose. Following the fourth dose of vaccination, approximately 76–95% of the patients developed a humoral immune response. The pooled seroprevalence rate after the fourth dose was 85% (95% CI, 79–91%). Of the patients who initially tested seronegative after the second dose, approximately 22–76% of patients subsequently became seropositive after the third dose. The pooled seroconversion rate for the third dose was 47% (95% CI, 31–64%). Among the patients who were seronegative after the third dose, approximately 25–76% turned seropositive after the fourth dose. The pooled seroconversion rate after the fourth dose was 51% (95% CI, 40–63%). Safety data were reported in three studies, demonstrating that adverse effects following the fourth dose were generally mild, and patients with these adverse effects did not require hospitalization. No transplant rejection or serious adverse events were observed. A fourth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in SOT recipients was associated with an improved humoral immune response, and the vaccine was considered relatively safe. MDPI 2023-06-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10385971/ /pubmed/37514946 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071130 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Systematic Review Mu, Yameng Wu, Hongxiao Jiang, Zhouling Liu, Kehang Xue, Xiaoyu Zhang, Wei Chen, Zhihai Serological Responses after a Fourth Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title | Serological Responses after a Fourth Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_full | Serological Responses after a Fourth Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_fullStr | Serological Responses after a Fourth Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Serological Responses after a Fourth Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_short | Serological Responses after a Fourth Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_sort | serological responses after a fourth dose of sars-cov-2 vaccine in solid organ transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
topic | Systematic Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10385971/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37514946 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071130 |
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