Cargando…
Effects of Algal Extracellular Polysaccharides on the Formation of Filamentous Manganese Oxide Particles in the Near-Bottom Layer of Lake Biwa
Filamentous manganese (Mn) oxide particles, which occur in the suboxic zone of stratified waterbodies, are important drivers of diverse elemental cycles. These particles are considered to be bacteriogenic; despite the importance of biogeochemical implications, however, the environmental factor respo...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10386369/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37512986 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11071814 |
_version_ | 1785081647733932032 |
---|---|
author | Furuta, Seiko Ikegaya, Hisato Fujibayashi, Megumu Hashimoto, Hideki Suzuki, Shiro Okano, Kunihiro Ichise, Satoshi Miyata, Naoyuki |
author_facet | Furuta, Seiko Ikegaya, Hisato Fujibayashi, Megumu Hashimoto, Hideki Suzuki, Shiro Okano, Kunihiro Ichise, Satoshi Miyata, Naoyuki |
author_sort | Furuta, Seiko |
collection | PubMed |
description | Filamentous manganese (Mn) oxide particles, which occur in the suboxic zone of stratified waterbodies, are important drivers of diverse elemental cycles. These particles are considered to be bacteriogenic; despite the importance of biogeochemical implications, however, the environmental factor responsible for their formation has not been identified. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the involvement of algal extracellular polysaccharides in Mn oxide particle formation. Based on this study of laboratory cultures of a model Mn(II)-oxidizing bacterium, the supply of algal extracellular mucilage was shown to stimulate Mn(II) oxidation and thus the production of filamentous Mn oxide particles. This observation was consistent with the results obtained for naturally occurring particles collected from a near-bottom layer (depth of approximately 90 m) in the northern basin of Lake Biwa, Japan, that is, most Mn particles resembling δ-MnO(2) were associated with an extracellular mucilage-like gelatinous matrix, which contained dead algal cells and was lectin-stainable. In the lake water column, polysaccharides produced by algal photosynthesis sank to the bottom layer. The analysis of the quality of water samples, which have been collected from the study site for 18 years, reveals that the annual average total phytoplankton biovolume in the surface layer correlates with the density of filamentous Mn particles in the near-bottom layer. Among different phytoplankton species, green algae appeared to be the key species. The results of this study suggest that algal extracellular polysaccharides serve as an important inducer for the formation of filamentous Mn oxide particles in the near-bottom layer of the northern basin of Lake Biwa. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10386369 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103863692023-07-30 Effects of Algal Extracellular Polysaccharides on the Formation of Filamentous Manganese Oxide Particles in the Near-Bottom Layer of Lake Biwa Furuta, Seiko Ikegaya, Hisato Fujibayashi, Megumu Hashimoto, Hideki Suzuki, Shiro Okano, Kunihiro Ichise, Satoshi Miyata, Naoyuki Microorganisms Article Filamentous manganese (Mn) oxide particles, which occur in the suboxic zone of stratified waterbodies, are important drivers of diverse elemental cycles. These particles are considered to be bacteriogenic; despite the importance of biogeochemical implications, however, the environmental factor responsible for their formation has not been identified. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the involvement of algal extracellular polysaccharides in Mn oxide particle formation. Based on this study of laboratory cultures of a model Mn(II)-oxidizing bacterium, the supply of algal extracellular mucilage was shown to stimulate Mn(II) oxidation and thus the production of filamentous Mn oxide particles. This observation was consistent with the results obtained for naturally occurring particles collected from a near-bottom layer (depth of approximately 90 m) in the northern basin of Lake Biwa, Japan, that is, most Mn particles resembling δ-MnO(2) were associated with an extracellular mucilage-like gelatinous matrix, which contained dead algal cells and was lectin-stainable. In the lake water column, polysaccharides produced by algal photosynthesis sank to the bottom layer. The analysis of the quality of water samples, which have been collected from the study site for 18 years, reveals that the annual average total phytoplankton biovolume in the surface layer correlates with the density of filamentous Mn particles in the near-bottom layer. Among different phytoplankton species, green algae appeared to be the key species. The results of this study suggest that algal extracellular polysaccharides serve as an important inducer for the formation of filamentous Mn oxide particles in the near-bottom layer of the northern basin of Lake Biwa. MDPI 2023-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10386369/ /pubmed/37512986 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11071814 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Furuta, Seiko Ikegaya, Hisato Fujibayashi, Megumu Hashimoto, Hideki Suzuki, Shiro Okano, Kunihiro Ichise, Satoshi Miyata, Naoyuki Effects of Algal Extracellular Polysaccharides on the Formation of Filamentous Manganese Oxide Particles in the Near-Bottom Layer of Lake Biwa |
title | Effects of Algal Extracellular Polysaccharides on the Formation of Filamentous Manganese Oxide Particles in the Near-Bottom Layer of Lake Biwa |
title_full | Effects of Algal Extracellular Polysaccharides on the Formation of Filamentous Manganese Oxide Particles in the Near-Bottom Layer of Lake Biwa |
title_fullStr | Effects of Algal Extracellular Polysaccharides on the Formation of Filamentous Manganese Oxide Particles in the Near-Bottom Layer of Lake Biwa |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Algal Extracellular Polysaccharides on the Formation of Filamentous Manganese Oxide Particles in the Near-Bottom Layer of Lake Biwa |
title_short | Effects of Algal Extracellular Polysaccharides on the Formation of Filamentous Manganese Oxide Particles in the Near-Bottom Layer of Lake Biwa |
title_sort | effects of algal extracellular polysaccharides on the formation of filamentous manganese oxide particles in the near-bottom layer of lake biwa |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10386369/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37512986 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11071814 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT furutaseiko effectsofalgalextracellularpolysaccharidesontheformationoffilamentousmanganeseoxideparticlesinthenearbottomlayeroflakebiwa AT ikegayahisato effectsofalgalextracellularpolysaccharidesontheformationoffilamentousmanganeseoxideparticlesinthenearbottomlayeroflakebiwa AT fujibayashimegumu effectsofalgalextracellularpolysaccharidesontheformationoffilamentousmanganeseoxideparticlesinthenearbottomlayeroflakebiwa AT hashimotohideki effectsofalgalextracellularpolysaccharidesontheformationoffilamentousmanganeseoxideparticlesinthenearbottomlayeroflakebiwa AT suzukishiro effectsofalgalextracellularpolysaccharidesontheformationoffilamentousmanganeseoxideparticlesinthenearbottomlayeroflakebiwa AT okanokunihiro effectsofalgalextracellularpolysaccharidesontheformationoffilamentousmanganeseoxideparticlesinthenearbottomlayeroflakebiwa AT ichisesatoshi effectsofalgalextracellularpolysaccharidesontheformationoffilamentousmanganeseoxideparticlesinthenearbottomlayeroflakebiwa AT miyatanaoyuki effectsofalgalextracellularpolysaccharidesontheformationoffilamentousmanganeseoxideparticlesinthenearbottomlayeroflakebiwa |