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Subjective Perception of Recovery and Measured Olfactory Function in COVID-19 Patients
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate self-rated olfactory dysfunction in relation to measured olfactory function after partial or complete subjective recovery in individuals with a history of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. A total of 186 individuals (aged 5–62 years) with...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10386638/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37515106 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15071418 |
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author | Cancellieri, Emilia Hernandez, Anna Kristina Degkwitz, Helena Kahre, Elisabeth Blankenburg, Judith Horst, Theresa S. Czyborra, Paula Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo Hummel, Thomas |
author_facet | Cancellieri, Emilia Hernandez, Anna Kristina Degkwitz, Helena Kahre, Elisabeth Blankenburg, Judith Horst, Theresa S. Czyborra, Paula Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo Hummel, Thomas |
author_sort | Cancellieri, Emilia |
collection | PubMed |
description | This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate self-rated olfactory dysfunction in relation to measured olfactory function after partial or complete subjective recovery in individuals with a history of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. A total of 186 individuals (aged 5–62 years) with a history of COVID-19 infection were included. Visual analogue scale (VAS) ratings for olfactory function (before, during, and after infection) and age-appropriate psychophysical olfactory test scores (odor threshold and odor identification: “Sniffin’ Sticks” for adults and both “Sniffin’ Sticks” and “U-Sniff” for children) were determined. Participants were assigned to four “age groups” and three “recovery classes” (incomplete recovery, complete recovery, no smell loss). Surprisingly, there were no significant differences in odor threshold and adult identification scores between the “recovery classes”. However, children with “incomplete recovery” had lower identification scores than those with “complete recovery” (p = 0.033) and those with “no smell loss” (p = 0.022). The pediatric age groups had significantly higher VAS ratings during and after COVID-19 compared to older participants. Older individuals experienced greater magnitude of changes in their sense of smell after COVID-19 infection, but those with parosmia were 3.5 times more likely to report “incomplete recovery" of olfaction after COVID-19. The general prognosis for olfactory recovery after COVID-19 is good but appears to be particularly confounded by the presence of parosmia, leading patients to subjectively report incomplete olfactory recovery. Although it is of high significance to monitor recovery using validated psychophysical olfactory tests, subjective measures of olfaction help provide specific insight, especially for qualitative olfactory dysfunction. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10386638 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103866382023-07-30 Subjective Perception of Recovery and Measured Olfactory Function in COVID-19 Patients Cancellieri, Emilia Hernandez, Anna Kristina Degkwitz, Helena Kahre, Elisabeth Blankenburg, Judith Horst, Theresa S. Czyborra, Paula Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo Hummel, Thomas Viruses Communication This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate self-rated olfactory dysfunction in relation to measured olfactory function after partial or complete subjective recovery in individuals with a history of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. A total of 186 individuals (aged 5–62 years) with a history of COVID-19 infection were included. Visual analogue scale (VAS) ratings for olfactory function (before, during, and after infection) and age-appropriate psychophysical olfactory test scores (odor threshold and odor identification: “Sniffin’ Sticks” for adults and both “Sniffin’ Sticks” and “U-Sniff” for children) were determined. Participants were assigned to four “age groups” and three “recovery classes” (incomplete recovery, complete recovery, no smell loss). Surprisingly, there were no significant differences in odor threshold and adult identification scores between the “recovery classes”. However, children with “incomplete recovery” had lower identification scores than those with “complete recovery” (p = 0.033) and those with “no smell loss” (p = 0.022). The pediatric age groups had significantly higher VAS ratings during and after COVID-19 compared to older participants. Older individuals experienced greater magnitude of changes in their sense of smell after COVID-19 infection, but those with parosmia were 3.5 times more likely to report “incomplete recovery" of olfaction after COVID-19. The general prognosis for olfactory recovery after COVID-19 is good but appears to be particularly confounded by the presence of parosmia, leading patients to subjectively report incomplete olfactory recovery. Although it is of high significance to monitor recovery using validated psychophysical olfactory tests, subjective measures of olfaction help provide specific insight, especially for qualitative olfactory dysfunction. MDPI 2023-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10386638/ /pubmed/37515106 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15071418 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Communication Cancellieri, Emilia Hernandez, Anna Kristina Degkwitz, Helena Kahre, Elisabeth Blankenburg, Judith Horst, Theresa S. Czyborra, Paula Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo Hummel, Thomas Subjective Perception of Recovery and Measured Olfactory Function in COVID-19 Patients |
title | Subjective Perception of Recovery and Measured Olfactory Function in COVID-19 Patients |
title_full | Subjective Perception of Recovery and Measured Olfactory Function in COVID-19 Patients |
title_fullStr | Subjective Perception of Recovery and Measured Olfactory Function in COVID-19 Patients |
title_full_unstemmed | Subjective Perception of Recovery and Measured Olfactory Function in COVID-19 Patients |
title_short | Subjective Perception of Recovery and Measured Olfactory Function in COVID-19 Patients |
title_sort | subjective perception of recovery and measured olfactory function in covid-19 patients |
topic | Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10386638/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37515106 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15071418 |
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