Pathway to mercury-free dentistry: an insight into past, present, and future

PURPOSE: The popularity of dental amalgam arises from its excellent long-term performance, ease of use, and low cost. However, there is a concern about the potential adverse health effects arising from exposure to mercury in amalgam. This review article critically discusses the safety of dental amalgam as a restorative material and our preparedness for a mercury-free road ahead. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A database search was performed on PubMed and Google scholar using the keywords: “mercury-free dentistry”, “mercury toxicity”, “amalgam substitutes”, “amalgam mercury toxicity”. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were specified clearly. Relevant literature was also searched in the dental textbooks. RESULTS: Around 40 articles, highlighting mercury exposure among dental professionals and patients were included. Despite the overwhelming body of scientific evidence demonstrating amalgam to be a safe restorative material, concerns about the toxic effects of mercury persist. CONCLUSION: The real challenge is to find a suitable amalgam substitute and to follow the mercury hygiene measures closely.