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In vivo Biodistribution and Clearance of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Medical Applications
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (magnetite and maghemite) are intensively studied due to their broad potential applications in medical and biological sciences. Their unique properties, such as nanometric size, large specific surface area, and superparamagnetism, allow them to be used in targeted d...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10387276/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37525695 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S415063 |
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author | Nowak-Jary, Julia Machnicka, Beata |
author_facet | Nowak-Jary, Julia Machnicka, Beata |
author_sort | Nowak-Jary, Julia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (magnetite and maghemite) are intensively studied due to their broad potential applications in medical and biological sciences. Their unique properties, such as nanometric size, large specific surface area, and superparamagnetism, allow them to be used in targeted drug delivery and internal radiotherapy by targeting an external magnetic field. In addition, they are successfully used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hyperthermia, and radiolabelling. The appropriate design of nanoparticles allows them to be delivered to the desired tissues and organs. The desired biodistribution of nanoparticles, eg, cancerous tumors, is increased using an external magnetic field. Thus, knowledge of the biodistribution of these nanoparticles is essential for medical applications. It allows for determining whether nanoparticles are captured by the desired organs or accumulated in other tissues, which may lead to potential toxicity. This review article presents the main organs where nanoparticles accumulate. The sites of their first uptake are usually the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, but with the appropriate design of nanoparticles, they can also be accumulated in organs such as the lungs, heart, or brain. In addition, the review describes the factors affecting the biodistribution of nanoparticles, including their size, shape, surface charge, coating molecules, and route of administration. Modern techniques for determining nanoparticle accumulation sites and concentration in isolated tissues or the body in vivo are also presented. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10387276 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Dove |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103872762023-07-31 In vivo Biodistribution and Clearance of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Medical Applications Nowak-Jary, Julia Machnicka, Beata Int J Nanomedicine Review Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (magnetite and maghemite) are intensively studied due to their broad potential applications in medical and biological sciences. Their unique properties, such as nanometric size, large specific surface area, and superparamagnetism, allow them to be used in targeted drug delivery and internal radiotherapy by targeting an external magnetic field. In addition, they are successfully used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hyperthermia, and radiolabelling. The appropriate design of nanoparticles allows them to be delivered to the desired tissues and organs. The desired biodistribution of nanoparticles, eg, cancerous tumors, is increased using an external magnetic field. Thus, knowledge of the biodistribution of these nanoparticles is essential for medical applications. It allows for determining whether nanoparticles are captured by the desired organs or accumulated in other tissues, which may lead to potential toxicity. This review article presents the main organs where nanoparticles accumulate. The sites of their first uptake are usually the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, but with the appropriate design of nanoparticles, they can also be accumulated in organs such as the lungs, heart, or brain. In addition, the review describes the factors affecting the biodistribution of nanoparticles, including their size, shape, surface charge, coating molecules, and route of administration. Modern techniques for determining nanoparticle accumulation sites and concentration in isolated tissues or the body in vivo are also presented. Dove 2023-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10387276/ /pubmed/37525695 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S415063 Text en © 2023 Nowak-Jary and Machnicka. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). |
spellingShingle | Review Nowak-Jary, Julia Machnicka, Beata In vivo Biodistribution and Clearance of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Medical Applications |
title | In vivo Biodistribution and Clearance of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Medical Applications |
title_full | In vivo Biodistribution and Clearance of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Medical Applications |
title_fullStr | In vivo Biodistribution and Clearance of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Medical Applications |
title_full_unstemmed | In vivo Biodistribution and Clearance of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Medical Applications |
title_short | In vivo Biodistribution and Clearance of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Medical Applications |
title_sort | in vivo biodistribution and clearance of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for medical applications |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10387276/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37525695 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S415063 |
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