Unique Case of Parathyroid Adenoma With Arteriovenous Malformation

Direct communication between dysmorphic arteries and veins without an interceding capillary segment is known as arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Its etiology is still unknown; however, it is commonly acknowledged that it could be related to trauma or is congenital in origin. Often, AVMs are found in the central nervous system or other sites such as under the skin or in the deep solid organs. They can be encountered as a solitary abnormality or associated with another pathology. If they are large enough, they can deprive the neighboring tissue of oxygen, eventually leading to tissue damage and compressing the surrounding organs, causing potentially more serious consequences. AVM in parathyroid adenoma is an unusual entity in the medical reports and known clinical practice. We herein report a unique case of a 49-year-old female patient who presented with a neck mass and associated symptoms of hyperparathyroidism (HPT) with no history of previous trauma or surgery. The imaging and laboratory tests were consistent with parathyroid neoplasm. Parathyroidectomy was performed and revealed parathyroid adenoma with AVM.