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N-acetylcysteine reduces severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES: Recent clinical studies suggest that oxidative stress is one of the key players in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a potent antioxidant, has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. We conducted a systematic review...

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Autores principales: Alam, Mohammad Shah, Hasan, Mohammad Nazmol, Maowa, Zannatul, Khatun, Fahima, Nazir, K. H. M. Nazmul Hussain, Alam, Mohammad Zahangeer
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: A periodical of the Network for the Veterinarians of Bangladesh (BDvetNET) 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10390689/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37534078
http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/javar.2023.j665
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author Alam, Mohammad Shah
Hasan, Mohammad Nazmol
Maowa, Zannatul
Khatun, Fahima
Nazir, K. H. M. Nazmul Hussain
Alam, Mohammad Zahangeer
author_facet Alam, Mohammad Shah
Hasan, Mohammad Nazmol
Maowa, Zannatul
Khatun, Fahima
Nazir, K. H. M. Nazmul Hussain
Alam, Mohammad Zahangeer
author_sort Alam, Mohammad Shah
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Recent clinical studies suggest that oxidative stress is one of the key players in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a potent antioxidant, has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature published on the therapeutic intervention of NAC on COVID-19 infection. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. We identified and screened eight studies with 20,503 participants, including 2,852 in the NAC-treated group and 17,651 in the placebo group, which reported the effect of NAC on COVID-19 infection. A meta-analysis was performed using forest plots under fixed effect estimates based on the standardized mean difference (SMD) and risk ratio (RR). RESULTS: Pooled analysis showed that NAC was associated with lower mortality in patients with COVID-19 compared with the placebo group [RR, 0.65; (95% CI: 0.56 to 0.75); p < 0.0001]. Similarly, C-reactive protein (CRP) [SMD, −0.32; (95% CI: −56 to −0.09); p = 0.0070] and D-dimer [SMD, −0.35, (95% CI: −0.59 to −0.10; p = 0.0062] levels were significantly decreased, and the oxygenation marker, PaO(2)/FiO(2) ratio, was increased in the NAC-treated group compared with the placebo group [SMD, 0.76; (95% CI: 0.48 to 1.03); p < 0.0001]. CONCLUSION: Although the number of included studies was minimal, this meta-analysis suggests that NAC may have a positive effect on COVID-19 outcomes, specifically, a significant decrease in CRP and D-dimer levels and a significant increase in oxygen saturation, which decreased mortality. We have also presented a comprehensive review of the role and mechanisms of NAC in patients with COVID-19.
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spelling pubmed-103906892023-08-02 N-acetylcysteine reduces severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis Alam, Mohammad Shah Hasan, Mohammad Nazmol Maowa, Zannatul Khatun, Fahima Nazir, K. H. M. Nazmul Hussain Alam, Mohammad Zahangeer J Adv Vet Anim Res Original Article OBJECTIVES: Recent clinical studies suggest that oxidative stress is one of the key players in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a potent antioxidant, has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature published on the therapeutic intervention of NAC on COVID-19 infection. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. We identified and screened eight studies with 20,503 participants, including 2,852 in the NAC-treated group and 17,651 in the placebo group, which reported the effect of NAC on COVID-19 infection. A meta-analysis was performed using forest plots under fixed effect estimates based on the standardized mean difference (SMD) and risk ratio (RR). RESULTS: Pooled analysis showed that NAC was associated with lower mortality in patients with COVID-19 compared with the placebo group [RR, 0.65; (95% CI: 0.56 to 0.75); p < 0.0001]. Similarly, C-reactive protein (CRP) [SMD, −0.32; (95% CI: −56 to −0.09); p = 0.0070] and D-dimer [SMD, −0.35, (95% CI: −0.59 to −0.10; p = 0.0062] levels were significantly decreased, and the oxygenation marker, PaO(2)/FiO(2) ratio, was increased in the NAC-treated group compared with the placebo group [SMD, 0.76; (95% CI: 0.48 to 1.03); p < 0.0001]. CONCLUSION: Although the number of included studies was minimal, this meta-analysis suggests that NAC may have a positive effect on COVID-19 outcomes, specifically, a significant decrease in CRP and D-dimer levels and a significant increase in oxygen saturation, which decreased mortality. We have also presented a comprehensive review of the role and mechanisms of NAC in patients with COVID-19. A periodical of the Network for the Veterinarians of Bangladesh (BDvetNET) 2023-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10390689/ /pubmed/37534078 http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/javar.2023.j665 Text en Copyright: © Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) )
spellingShingle Original Article
Alam, Mohammad Shah
Hasan, Mohammad Nazmol
Maowa, Zannatul
Khatun, Fahima
Nazir, K. H. M. Nazmul Hussain
Alam, Mohammad Zahangeer
N-acetylcysteine reduces severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title N-acetylcysteine reduces severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full N-acetylcysteine reduces severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr N-acetylcysteine reduces severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed N-acetylcysteine reduces severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short N-acetylcysteine reduces severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort n-acetylcysteine reduces severity and mortality in covid-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10390689/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37534078
http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/javar.2023.j665
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