Cargando…

Epidemiology of bacterial co-infections and risk factors in COVID-19-hospitalized patients in Spain: a nationwide study

BACKGROUND: We performed a nationwide population-based retrospective study to describe the epidemiology of bacterial co-infections in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-hospitalized patients in Spain in 2020. We also analyzed the risk factors for co-infection, the etiology and the impact in the out...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: López-Herrero, R, Sánchez-de Prada, L, Tamayo-Velasco, A, Lorenzo-López, M, Gómez-Pesquera, E, Sánchez-Quirós, B, de la Varga-Martínez, O, Gómez-Sánchez, E, Resino, S, Tamayo, E, Álvaro-Meca, A
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10393489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37087109
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad060
_version_ 1785083170150940672
author López-Herrero, R
Sánchez-de Prada, L
Tamayo-Velasco, A
Lorenzo-López, M
Gómez-Pesquera, E
Sánchez-Quirós, B
de la Varga-Martínez, O
Gómez-Sánchez, E
Resino, S
Tamayo, E
Álvaro-Meca, A
author_facet López-Herrero, R
Sánchez-de Prada, L
Tamayo-Velasco, A
Lorenzo-López, M
Gómez-Pesquera, E
Sánchez-Quirós, B
de la Varga-Martínez, O
Gómez-Sánchez, E
Resino, S
Tamayo, E
Álvaro-Meca, A
author_sort López-Herrero, R
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: We performed a nationwide population-based retrospective study to describe the epidemiology of bacterial co-infections in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-hospitalized patients in Spain in 2020. We also analyzed the risk factors for co-infection, the etiology and the impact in the outcome. METHODS: Data were obtained from records in the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) of the National Surveillance System for Hospital Data in Spain, provided by the Ministry of Health and annually published with 2 years lag. COVID-19 circulated in two waves in 2020: from its introduction to 31st June and from 1st July to 31st December. The risk of developing a healthcare-associated bacterial co-infection and the risk for in-hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality in co-infected patients was assessed using an adjusted logistic regression model. RESULTS: The incidence of bacterial co-infection in COVID-19 hospitalized patients was 2.3%. The main risk factors associated with bacterial co-infection were organ failure, obesity and male sex. Co-infection was associated with worse outcomes including higher in-hospital, in-ICU mortality and higher length of stay. Gram-negative bacteria caused most infections. Causative agents were similar between waves, although higher co-infections with Pseudomonas spp. were detected in the first wave and with Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae in the second. CONCLUSIONS: Co-infections are not as common as those found in other viral respiratory infections; therefore, antibiotics should be used carefully. Screening for actual co-infection to prescribe antibiotic therapy when required should be performed.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10393489
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Oxford University Press
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-103934892023-08-02 Epidemiology of bacterial co-infections and risk factors in COVID-19-hospitalized patients in Spain: a nationwide study López-Herrero, R Sánchez-de Prada, L Tamayo-Velasco, A Lorenzo-López, M Gómez-Pesquera, E Sánchez-Quirós, B de la Varga-Martínez, O Gómez-Sánchez, E Resino, S Tamayo, E Álvaro-Meca, A Eur J Public Health Infectious Disease BACKGROUND: We performed a nationwide population-based retrospective study to describe the epidemiology of bacterial co-infections in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-hospitalized patients in Spain in 2020. We also analyzed the risk factors for co-infection, the etiology and the impact in the outcome. METHODS: Data were obtained from records in the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) of the National Surveillance System for Hospital Data in Spain, provided by the Ministry of Health and annually published with 2 years lag. COVID-19 circulated in two waves in 2020: from its introduction to 31st June and from 1st July to 31st December. The risk of developing a healthcare-associated bacterial co-infection and the risk for in-hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality in co-infected patients was assessed using an adjusted logistic regression model. RESULTS: The incidence of bacterial co-infection in COVID-19 hospitalized patients was 2.3%. The main risk factors associated with bacterial co-infection were organ failure, obesity and male sex. Co-infection was associated with worse outcomes including higher in-hospital, in-ICU mortality and higher length of stay. Gram-negative bacteria caused most infections. Causative agents were similar between waves, although higher co-infections with Pseudomonas spp. were detected in the first wave and with Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae in the second. CONCLUSIONS: Co-infections are not as common as those found in other viral respiratory infections; therefore, antibiotics should be used carefully. Screening for actual co-infection to prescribe antibiotic therapy when required should be performed. Oxford University Press 2023-04-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10393489/ /pubmed/37087109 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad060 Text en © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Infectious Disease
López-Herrero, R
Sánchez-de Prada, L
Tamayo-Velasco, A
Lorenzo-López, M
Gómez-Pesquera, E
Sánchez-Quirós, B
de la Varga-Martínez, O
Gómez-Sánchez, E
Resino, S
Tamayo, E
Álvaro-Meca, A
Epidemiology of bacterial co-infections and risk factors in COVID-19-hospitalized patients in Spain: a nationwide study
title Epidemiology of bacterial co-infections and risk factors in COVID-19-hospitalized patients in Spain: a nationwide study
title_full Epidemiology of bacterial co-infections and risk factors in COVID-19-hospitalized patients in Spain: a nationwide study
title_fullStr Epidemiology of bacterial co-infections and risk factors in COVID-19-hospitalized patients in Spain: a nationwide study
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology of bacterial co-infections and risk factors in COVID-19-hospitalized patients in Spain: a nationwide study
title_short Epidemiology of bacterial co-infections and risk factors in COVID-19-hospitalized patients in Spain: a nationwide study
title_sort epidemiology of bacterial co-infections and risk factors in covid-19-hospitalized patients in spain: a nationwide study
topic Infectious Disease
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10393489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37087109
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad060
work_keys_str_mv AT lopezherreror epidemiologyofbacterialcoinfectionsandriskfactorsincovid19hospitalizedpatientsinspainanationwidestudy
AT sanchezdepradal epidemiologyofbacterialcoinfectionsandriskfactorsincovid19hospitalizedpatientsinspainanationwidestudy
AT tamayovelascoa epidemiologyofbacterialcoinfectionsandriskfactorsincovid19hospitalizedpatientsinspainanationwidestudy
AT lorenzolopezm epidemiologyofbacterialcoinfectionsandriskfactorsincovid19hospitalizedpatientsinspainanationwidestudy
AT gomezpesquerae epidemiologyofbacterialcoinfectionsandriskfactorsincovid19hospitalizedpatientsinspainanationwidestudy
AT sanchezquirosb epidemiologyofbacterialcoinfectionsandriskfactorsincovid19hospitalizedpatientsinspainanationwidestudy
AT delavargamartinezo epidemiologyofbacterialcoinfectionsandriskfactorsincovid19hospitalizedpatientsinspainanationwidestudy
AT gomezsancheze epidemiologyofbacterialcoinfectionsandriskfactorsincovid19hospitalizedpatientsinspainanationwidestudy
AT resinos epidemiologyofbacterialcoinfectionsandriskfactorsincovid19hospitalizedpatientsinspainanationwidestudy
AT tamayoe epidemiologyofbacterialcoinfectionsandriskfactorsincovid19hospitalizedpatientsinspainanationwidestudy
AT alvaromecaa epidemiologyofbacterialcoinfectionsandriskfactorsincovid19hospitalizedpatientsinspainanationwidestudy