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Cryptic species in time and space: an assessment of cryptic diversity within eight nominal species of Hydrozoa (Cnidaria)

Sampling in multiple localities, coupled with molecular barcoding, has shown that nominal species with wide geographical distribution often harbour local cryptic species in allopatry. Cryptic species in sympatry, however, can be easily missed if they have different seasonality, because they can be i...

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Autores principales: Miglietta, Maria Pia, Pruski, Sarah
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10394412/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37528709
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0851
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author Miglietta, Maria Pia
Pruski, Sarah
author_facet Miglietta, Maria Pia
Pruski, Sarah
author_sort Miglietta, Maria Pia
collection PubMed
description Sampling in multiple localities, coupled with molecular barcoding, has shown that nominal species with wide geographical distribution often harbour local cryptic species in allopatry. Cryptic species in sympatry, however, can be easily missed if they have different seasonality, because they can be identified only through long-term frequent sampling (i.e. sampling through time of the same species in the same location). This is especially true in planktonic invertebrates that exhibit strong seasonality. By integrating mitochondrial 16S sequences of eight species of Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) collected weekly for a year in one Gulf of Mexico region, with sequences gathered globally, we investigate the presence of cryptic species within a temporal gradient (regionally) and on a spatial (worldwide) scale. We find that eight species of Hydrozoa are composed of 28 cryptic species, with 16 of them appearing in sympatry but with non-overlapping seasonality. The high number of sympatric cryptic species could only be discovered through extensive and prolonged regional sampling efforts. The bi-dimensional cryptic diversity (in time and space) highlighted in this study is essential for understanding processes of evolution, biogeography dispersal in the sea, and for more realistic biodiversity assessments.
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spelling pubmed-103944122023-08-03 Cryptic species in time and space: an assessment of cryptic diversity within eight nominal species of Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) Miglietta, Maria Pia Pruski, Sarah Proc Biol Sci Evolution Sampling in multiple localities, coupled with molecular barcoding, has shown that nominal species with wide geographical distribution often harbour local cryptic species in allopatry. Cryptic species in sympatry, however, can be easily missed if they have different seasonality, because they can be identified only through long-term frequent sampling (i.e. sampling through time of the same species in the same location). This is especially true in planktonic invertebrates that exhibit strong seasonality. By integrating mitochondrial 16S sequences of eight species of Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) collected weekly for a year in one Gulf of Mexico region, with sequences gathered globally, we investigate the presence of cryptic species within a temporal gradient (regionally) and on a spatial (worldwide) scale. We find that eight species of Hydrozoa are composed of 28 cryptic species, with 16 of them appearing in sympatry but with non-overlapping seasonality. The high number of sympatric cryptic species could only be discovered through extensive and prolonged regional sampling efforts. The bi-dimensional cryptic diversity (in time and space) highlighted in this study is essential for understanding processes of evolution, biogeography dispersal in the sea, and for more realistic biodiversity assessments. The Royal Society 2023-08-09 2023-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10394412/ /pubmed/37528709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0851 Text en © 2023 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Evolution
Miglietta, Maria Pia
Pruski, Sarah
Cryptic species in time and space: an assessment of cryptic diversity within eight nominal species of Hydrozoa (Cnidaria)
title Cryptic species in time and space: an assessment of cryptic diversity within eight nominal species of Hydrozoa (Cnidaria)
title_full Cryptic species in time and space: an assessment of cryptic diversity within eight nominal species of Hydrozoa (Cnidaria)
title_fullStr Cryptic species in time and space: an assessment of cryptic diversity within eight nominal species of Hydrozoa (Cnidaria)
title_full_unstemmed Cryptic species in time and space: an assessment of cryptic diversity within eight nominal species of Hydrozoa (Cnidaria)
title_short Cryptic species in time and space: an assessment of cryptic diversity within eight nominal species of Hydrozoa (Cnidaria)
title_sort cryptic species in time and space: an assessment of cryptic diversity within eight nominal species of hydrozoa (cnidaria)
topic Evolution
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10394412/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37528709
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0851
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