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Association between level of compliance with COVID-19 public health measures and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional survey of young adults in Canada and France

BACKGROUND: While compliance with preventive measures remains central to limit the spread of COVID-19, these measures critically affected mental health of young adults. We therefore investigated the association between the level of compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures and depressive symptoms...

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Autores principales: Coulaud, Pierre-julien, Jesson, Julie, Bolduc, Naseeb, Ferlatte, Olivier, Bertrand, Karine, Salway, Travis, Jauffret-Roustide, Marie, Knight, Rod
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10395933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37531389
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289547
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author Coulaud, Pierre-julien
Jesson, Julie
Bolduc, Naseeb
Ferlatte, Olivier
Bertrand, Karine
Salway, Travis
Jauffret-Roustide, Marie
Knight, Rod
author_facet Coulaud, Pierre-julien
Jesson, Julie
Bolduc, Naseeb
Ferlatte, Olivier
Bertrand, Karine
Salway, Travis
Jauffret-Roustide, Marie
Knight, Rod
author_sort Coulaud, Pierre-julien
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: While compliance with preventive measures remains central to limit the spread of COVID-19, these measures critically affected mental health of young adults. We therefore investigated the association between the level of compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures and depressive symptoms among young adults in Canada and France. METHODS: From October to December 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey of young adults ages 18–29 years in Canada (n = 3246) and France (n = 2680) to collect demographic data, experiences with COVID-19 preventive measures, and mental health. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Compliance profiles were built using cluster analysis. Weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations between compliance level and major depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score≥15) in each country. RESULTS: One third of respondents reported major depressive symptoms (Canada: 36.4%, France: 23.4%). Four compliance profiles were identified: high (42.5%), medium-high (21.7%), medium-low (18.1%), and low (17.7%), with high levels more frequently observed in Canada compared to France. In both countries, participants in low compliance profile (Canada: Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) [95% Confidence Interval] 0.75 [0.58, 0.98], France: AOR 0.60 [0.46, 0.75]), in the medium-low (Canada: AOR 0.58 [0.48, 0.72], France: AOR 0.81 [0.66, 1.01]), and medium-high compliance profiles (Canada: AOR 0.78 [0.65, 0.93], France: AOR 0.77 [0.63, 0.93]) were less likely to report major depressive symptoms compared to the high compliance profile. Ethno-racial minorities, sexual and gender minority, and unemployed young adults had higher odds of reporting such symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Major depressive symptoms were associated with high compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures among young adults. The implementation of socially-isolating measures should be coupled with mental health interventions to address mental health needs of young adults, with enhanced supports for sub-groups who are structurally disadvantaged (e.g., racialized, unemployed, sexual and gender minority).
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spelling pubmed-103959332023-08-03 Association between level of compliance with COVID-19 public health measures and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional survey of young adults in Canada and France Coulaud, Pierre-julien Jesson, Julie Bolduc, Naseeb Ferlatte, Olivier Bertrand, Karine Salway, Travis Jauffret-Roustide, Marie Knight, Rod PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: While compliance with preventive measures remains central to limit the spread of COVID-19, these measures critically affected mental health of young adults. We therefore investigated the association between the level of compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures and depressive symptoms among young adults in Canada and France. METHODS: From October to December 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey of young adults ages 18–29 years in Canada (n = 3246) and France (n = 2680) to collect demographic data, experiences with COVID-19 preventive measures, and mental health. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Compliance profiles were built using cluster analysis. Weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations between compliance level and major depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score≥15) in each country. RESULTS: One third of respondents reported major depressive symptoms (Canada: 36.4%, France: 23.4%). Four compliance profiles were identified: high (42.5%), medium-high (21.7%), medium-low (18.1%), and low (17.7%), with high levels more frequently observed in Canada compared to France. In both countries, participants in low compliance profile (Canada: Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) [95% Confidence Interval] 0.75 [0.58, 0.98], France: AOR 0.60 [0.46, 0.75]), in the medium-low (Canada: AOR 0.58 [0.48, 0.72], France: AOR 0.81 [0.66, 1.01]), and medium-high compliance profiles (Canada: AOR 0.78 [0.65, 0.93], France: AOR 0.77 [0.63, 0.93]) were less likely to report major depressive symptoms compared to the high compliance profile. Ethno-racial minorities, sexual and gender minority, and unemployed young adults had higher odds of reporting such symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Major depressive symptoms were associated with high compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures among young adults. The implementation of socially-isolating measures should be coupled with mental health interventions to address mental health needs of young adults, with enhanced supports for sub-groups who are structurally disadvantaged (e.g., racialized, unemployed, sexual and gender minority). Public Library of Science 2023-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10395933/ /pubmed/37531389 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289547 Text en © 2023 Coulaud et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Coulaud, Pierre-julien
Jesson, Julie
Bolduc, Naseeb
Ferlatte, Olivier
Bertrand, Karine
Salway, Travis
Jauffret-Roustide, Marie
Knight, Rod
Association between level of compliance with COVID-19 public health measures and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional survey of young adults in Canada and France
title Association between level of compliance with COVID-19 public health measures and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional survey of young adults in Canada and France
title_full Association between level of compliance with COVID-19 public health measures and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional survey of young adults in Canada and France
title_fullStr Association between level of compliance with COVID-19 public health measures and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional survey of young adults in Canada and France
title_full_unstemmed Association between level of compliance with COVID-19 public health measures and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional survey of young adults in Canada and France
title_short Association between level of compliance with COVID-19 public health measures and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional survey of young adults in Canada and France
title_sort association between level of compliance with covid-19 public health measures and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional survey of young adults in canada and france
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10395933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37531389
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289547
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