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Double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among women in low and middle income countries: findings from 52 nationally representative data

BACKGROUND: Double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is an emerging global public health problem. The United Nations member states adopted eradicating all forms of malnutrition as an integral component of the global agenda. However, there is evidence of a high burden of undernutrition among women and ris...

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Autores principales: Alem, Adugnaw Zeleke, Yeshaw, Yigizie, Liyew, Alemneh Mekuriaw, Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse, Worku, Misganaw Gebrie, Tesema, Getayeneh Antehunegn, Alamneh, Tesfa Sewunet, Teshale, Achamyeleh Birhanu, Chilot, Dagmawi, Ayalew, Hiwotie Getaneh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10398981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37537530
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16045-4
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author Alem, Adugnaw Zeleke
Yeshaw, Yigizie
Liyew, Alemneh Mekuriaw
Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse
Worku, Misganaw Gebrie
Tesema, Getayeneh Antehunegn
Alamneh, Tesfa Sewunet
Teshale, Achamyeleh Birhanu
Chilot, Dagmawi
Ayalew, Hiwotie Getaneh
author_facet Alem, Adugnaw Zeleke
Yeshaw, Yigizie
Liyew, Alemneh Mekuriaw
Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse
Worku, Misganaw Gebrie
Tesema, Getayeneh Antehunegn
Alamneh, Tesfa Sewunet
Teshale, Achamyeleh Birhanu
Chilot, Dagmawi
Ayalew, Hiwotie Getaneh
author_sort Alem, Adugnaw Zeleke
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is an emerging global public health problem. The United Nations member states adopted eradicating all forms of malnutrition as an integral component of the global agenda. However, there is evidence of a high burden of undernutrition among women and rising rates of overweight and obesity, especially in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of underweight, overweight, and obesity among women of reproductive age in LMICs. METHODS: Data for the study were drawn from a recent 52 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in LMICS. We included a sample of 1,099,187 women of reproductive age. A multilevel multinomial logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with DBM. Adjusted relative risk ratio (RRR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was reported to show an association. RESULTS: The prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in LMICs among women of reproductive age was 15.2% (95% CI: 15.1–15.3), 19.0% (95% CI: 18.9- 19.1), and 9.1% (95% CI: 9.0–9.2), respectively. This study found that women aged 24–34 years, aged ≥ 35 years, with primary, secondary, and above educational level, from wealthy households, using modern contraceptives, exposed to media (radio and television), and with high parity (more than one birth) were more likely to have overweight and obesity and less likely to have underweight. Moreover, the risk of having obesity (RRR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.58–0.60 and overweight (RRR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.77–0.79) were lower among rural women, while the risk of being underweight was (RRR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.11–1.15) higher among rural women compared to urban women. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity was high among women of reproductive age in LMICs. Underweight, overweight, and obesity are influenced by sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral-related factors. This study shows that, in order to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 2, a multifaceted intervention approach should be considered to prevent both forms of malnutrition in women of reproductive age. This can be achieved by raising awareness and promoting healthy behaviors such as healthy eating and physical activity, especially among educated women, women from wealthy households, and women exposed to the media. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-16045-4.
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spelling pubmed-103989812023-08-04 Double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among women in low and middle income countries: findings from 52 nationally representative data Alem, Adugnaw Zeleke Yeshaw, Yigizie Liyew, Alemneh Mekuriaw Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse Worku, Misganaw Gebrie Tesema, Getayeneh Antehunegn Alamneh, Tesfa Sewunet Teshale, Achamyeleh Birhanu Chilot, Dagmawi Ayalew, Hiwotie Getaneh BMC Public Health Research BACKGROUND: Double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is an emerging global public health problem. The United Nations member states adopted eradicating all forms of malnutrition as an integral component of the global agenda. However, there is evidence of a high burden of undernutrition among women and rising rates of overweight and obesity, especially in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of underweight, overweight, and obesity among women of reproductive age in LMICs. METHODS: Data for the study were drawn from a recent 52 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in LMICS. We included a sample of 1,099,187 women of reproductive age. A multilevel multinomial logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with DBM. Adjusted relative risk ratio (RRR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was reported to show an association. RESULTS: The prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in LMICs among women of reproductive age was 15.2% (95% CI: 15.1–15.3), 19.0% (95% CI: 18.9- 19.1), and 9.1% (95% CI: 9.0–9.2), respectively. This study found that women aged 24–34 years, aged ≥ 35 years, with primary, secondary, and above educational level, from wealthy households, using modern contraceptives, exposed to media (radio and television), and with high parity (more than one birth) were more likely to have overweight and obesity and less likely to have underweight. Moreover, the risk of having obesity (RRR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.58–0.60 and overweight (RRR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.77–0.79) were lower among rural women, while the risk of being underweight was (RRR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.11–1.15) higher among rural women compared to urban women. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity was high among women of reproductive age in LMICs. Underweight, overweight, and obesity are influenced by sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral-related factors. This study shows that, in order to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 2, a multifaceted intervention approach should be considered to prevent both forms of malnutrition in women of reproductive age. This can be achieved by raising awareness and promoting healthy behaviors such as healthy eating and physical activity, especially among educated women, women from wealthy households, and women exposed to the media. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-16045-4. BioMed Central 2023-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10398981/ /pubmed/37537530 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16045-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Alem, Adugnaw Zeleke
Yeshaw, Yigizie
Liyew, Alemneh Mekuriaw
Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse
Worku, Misganaw Gebrie
Tesema, Getayeneh Antehunegn
Alamneh, Tesfa Sewunet
Teshale, Achamyeleh Birhanu
Chilot, Dagmawi
Ayalew, Hiwotie Getaneh
Double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among women in low and middle income countries: findings from 52 nationally representative data
title Double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among women in low and middle income countries: findings from 52 nationally representative data
title_full Double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among women in low and middle income countries: findings from 52 nationally representative data
title_fullStr Double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among women in low and middle income countries: findings from 52 nationally representative data
title_full_unstemmed Double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among women in low and middle income countries: findings from 52 nationally representative data
title_short Double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among women in low and middle income countries: findings from 52 nationally representative data
title_sort double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among women in low and middle income countries: findings from 52 nationally representative data
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10398981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37537530
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16045-4
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