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Reliability Analysis of In-person and Virtual Goniometric Measurements of the Upper Extremity

BACKGROUND: Virtual healthcare has forced clinicians to modify or eliminate parts of the musculoskeletal evaluation such as motion assessment. Although acceptable to excellent levels of in-person goniometric reliability is achievable, reliability of virtual assessments is unknown. PURPOSE: To determ...

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Autores principales: Spigelman, Tracy, Simpkins, Leah, Humphrey, Casey, Vitel, Yehor, Sciascia, Aaron
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: NASMI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10399114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37547842
http://dx.doi.org/10.26603/001c.81065
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author Spigelman, Tracy
Simpkins, Leah
Humphrey, Casey
Vitel, Yehor
Sciascia, Aaron
author_facet Spigelman, Tracy
Simpkins, Leah
Humphrey, Casey
Vitel, Yehor
Sciascia, Aaron
author_sort Spigelman, Tracy
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Virtual healthcare has forced clinicians to modify or eliminate parts of the musculoskeletal evaluation such as motion assessment. Although acceptable to excellent levels of in-person goniometric reliability is achievable, reliability of virtual assessments is unknown. PURPOSE: To determine if similar upper extremity goniometric measurements could be obtained in-person and virtually. STUDY DESIGN: Reliability study; classroom setting METHODS: Publicly recruited sample over 18 years of age with no upper extremity injuries. Each subject was tested in a standing position with dominant arm facing the clinicians to visualize the landmarks for goniometer placement. Flexion and extension of the shoulder, elbow and wrist were measured. Prior to performing in-person goniometric measurements for each joint, an image was captured of each pre-determined joint position using a mobile device with a camera. This image represented the screenshot on a virtual platform. Four clinicians performed in-person measurements twice during the same session on each subject. The following week clinicians measured virtual images using the same techniques. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability were determined via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS: Inter-rater reliability for five of the six in-person (ICC≥0.81) and virtual measurements (ICC≥0.78 ) were classified as excellent. In-person wrist extension (ICC=0.60) and virtual wrist flexion (ICC=0.65) were classified as good. Intra-rater reliability for individual clinicians were between good and excellent for the in-person measurements (ICC:0.61-0.96) and virtual measurements (ICC:0.72-0.97). There were a greater number of excellent ICC values for the virtual measurements (90%) compared to in-person measurements (70%). There were statistically significant differences between in-person and virtual sessions for five of six measurements (p≤0.006). Only elbow extension did not differ between sessions (p=0.966). CONCLUSION: Virtual assessment compared to goniometric measurements showed good to excellent inter- and intra-rater reliabilities (ICC > 0.60), which suggests clinicians can utilize goniometry either in person or on a virtual platform. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3b
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spelling pubmed-103991142023-08-04 Reliability Analysis of In-person and Virtual Goniometric Measurements of the Upper Extremity Spigelman, Tracy Simpkins, Leah Humphrey, Casey Vitel, Yehor Sciascia, Aaron Int J Sports Phys Ther Original Research BACKGROUND: Virtual healthcare has forced clinicians to modify or eliminate parts of the musculoskeletal evaluation such as motion assessment. Although acceptable to excellent levels of in-person goniometric reliability is achievable, reliability of virtual assessments is unknown. PURPOSE: To determine if similar upper extremity goniometric measurements could be obtained in-person and virtually. STUDY DESIGN: Reliability study; classroom setting METHODS: Publicly recruited sample over 18 years of age with no upper extremity injuries. Each subject was tested in a standing position with dominant arm facing the clinicians to visualize the landmarks for goniometer placement. Flexion and extension of the shoulder, elbow and wrist were measured. Prior to performing in-person goniometric measurements for each joint, an image was captured of each pre-determined joint position using a mobile device with a camera. This image represented the screenshot on a virtual platform. Four clinicians performed in-person measurements twice during the same session on each subject. The following week clinicians measured virtual images using the same techniques. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability were determined via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS: Inter-rater reliability for five of the six in-person (ICC≥0.81) and virtual measurements (ICC≥0.78 ) were classified as excellent. In-person wrist extension (ICC=0.60) and virtual wrist flexion (ICC=0.65) were classified as good. Intra-rater reliability for individual clinicians were between good and excellent for the in-person measurements (ICC:0.61-0.96) and virtual measurements (ICC:0.72-0.97). There were a greater number of excellent ICC values for the virtual measurements (90%) compared to in-person measurements (70%). There were statistically significant differences between in-person and virtual sessions for five of six measurements (p≤0.006). Only elbow extension did not differ between sessions (p=0.966). CONCLUSION: Virtual assessment compared to goniometric measurements showed good to excellent inter- and intra-rater reliabilities (ICC > 0.60), which suggests clinicians can utilize goniometry either in person or on a virtual platform. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3b NASMI 2023-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10399114/ /pubmed/37547842 http://dx.doi.org/10.26603/001c.81065 Text en © The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Spigelman, Tracy
Simpkins, Leah
Humphrey, Casey
Vitel, Yehor
Sciascia, Aaron
Reliability Analysis of In-person and Virtual Goniometric Measurements of the Upper Extremity
title Reliability Analysis of In-person and Virtual Goniometric Measurements of the Upper Extremity
title_full Reliability Analysis of In-person and Virtual Goniometric Measurements of the Upper Extremity
title_fullStr Reliability Analysis of In-person and Virtual Goniometric Measurements of the Upper Extremity
title_full_unstemmed Reliability Analysis of In-person and Virtual Goniometric Measurements of the Upper Extremity
title_short Reliability Analysis of In-person and Virtual Goniometric Measurements of the Upper Extremity
title_sort reliability analysis of in-person and virtual goniometric measurements of the upper extremity
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10399114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37547842
http://dx.doi.org/10.26603/001c.81065
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