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Liver or kidney: Who has the oar in the gluconeogenesis boat and when?
Gluconeogenesis is an endogenous process of glucose production from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates. Both the liver and kidneys express the key enzymes necessary for endogenous glucose production and its export into circulation. We would be remiss to add that more recently gluconeogenesis has bee...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10401452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37547592 http://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v14.i7.1049 |
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author | Sahoo, Biswajit Srivastava, Medha Katiyar, Arpit Ecelbarger, Carolyn Tiwari, Swasti |
author_facet | Sahoo, Biswajit Srivastava, Medha Katiyar, Arpit Ecelbarger, Carolyn Tiwari, Swasti |
author_sort | Sahoo, Biswajit |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gluconeogenesis is an endogenous process of glucose production from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates. Both the liver and kidneys express the key enzymes necessary for endogenous glucose production and its export into circulation. We would be remiss to add that more recently gluconeogenesis has been described in the small intestine, especially under high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets. The contribution of the liver glucose release, the net glucose flux, towards systemic glucose is already well known. The liver is, in most instances, the primary bulk contributor due to the sheer size of the organ (on average, over 1 kg). The contribution of the kidney (at just over 100 g each) to endogenous glucose production is often under-appreciated, especially on a weight basis. Glucose is released from the liver through the process of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Renal glucose release is almost exclusively due to gluconeogenesis, which occurs in only a fraction of the cells in that organ (proximal tubule cells). Thus, the efficiency of glucose production from other carbon sources may be superior in the kidney relative to the liver or at least on the level. In both these tissues, gluconeogenesis regulation is under tight hormonal control and depends on the availability of substrates. Liver and renal gluconeogenesis are differentially regulated under various pathological conditions. The impact of one source vs the other changes, based on post-prandial state, acid-base balance, hormonal status, and other less understood factors. Which organ has the oar (is more influential) in driving systemic glucose homeostasis is still in-conclusive and likely changes with the daily rhythms of life. We reviewed the literature on the differences in gluconeogenesis regulation between the kidneys and the liver to gain an insight into who drives the systemic glucose levels under various physiological and pathological conditions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10401452 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Baishideng Publishing Group Inc |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104014522023-08-05 Liver or kidney: Who has the oar in the gluconeogenesis boat and when? Sahoo, Biswajit Srivastava, Medha Katiyar, Arpit Ecelbarger, Carolyn Tiwari, Swasti World J Diabetes Minireviews Gluconeogenesis is an endogenous process of glucose production from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates. Both the liver and kidneys express the key enzymes necessary for endogenous glucose production and its export into circulation. We would be remiss to add that more recently gluconeogenesis has been described in the small intestine, especially under high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets. The contribution of the liver glucose release, the net glucose flux, towards systemic glucose is already well known. The liver is, in most instances, the primary bulk contributor due to the sheer size of the organ (on average, over 1 kg). The contribution of the kidney (at just over 100 g each) to endogenous glucose production is often under-appreciated, especially on a weight basis. Glucose is released from the liver through the process of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Renal glucose release is almost exclusively due to gluconeogenesis, which occurs in only a fraction of the cells in that organ (proximal tubule cells). Thus, the efficiency of glucose production from other carbon sources may be superior in the kidney relative to the liver or at least on the level. In both these tissues, gluconeogenesis regulation is under tight hormonal control and depends on the availability of substrates. Liver and renal gluconeogenesis are differentially regulated under various pathological conditions. The impact of one source vs the other changes, based on post-prandial state, acid-base balance, hormonal status, and other less understood factors. Which organ has the oar (is more influential) in driving systemic glucose homeostasis is still in-conclusive and likely changes with the daily rhythms of life. We reviewed the literature on the differences in gluconeogenesis regulation between the kidneys and the liver to gain an insight into who drives the systemic glucose levels under various physiological and pathological conditions. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2023-07-15 2023-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10401452/ /pubmed/37547592 http://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v14.i7.1049 Text en ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. |
spellingShingle | Minireviews Sahoo, Biswajit Srivastava, Medha Katiyar, Arpit Ecelbarger, Carolyn Tiwari, Swasti Liver or kidney: Who has the oar in the gluconeogenesis boat and when? |
title | Liver or kidney: Who has the oar in the gluconeogenesis boat and when? |
title_full | Liver or kidney: Who has the oar in the gluconeogenesis boat and when? |
title_fullStr | Liver or kidney: Who has the oar in the gluconeogenesis boat and when? |
title_full_unstemmed | Liver or kidney: Who has the oar in the gluconeogenesis boat and when? |
title_short | Liver or kidney: Who has the oar in the gluconeogenesis boat and when? |
title_sort | liver or kidney: who has the oar in the gluconeogenesis boat and when? |
topic | Minireviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10401452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37547592 http://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v14.i7.1049 |
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