Distal Dorsal Thumb Mass: Giant Cell Tumor of the Tendon Sheath in an Unusual Location

Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) is a common mass in the digits, hands, and upper extremities. Diagnosis is made on clinical examination, adjunctive imaging, and distinct intraoperative findings. Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment. GCTTS are typically found on flexor surfaces with the dorsal distal thumb being an unusual location. Any surgical approach to the digit should balance oncologic margins with preserving function. GCTTS have a tendency to recur and should be approached in a methodical manner with risk factors of recurrence in mind. This case report reviews the history of GCTTS, surgical approaches to the digit, and risk factors for recurrence to achieve success in the surgical management of these tumors.