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Assessment of antibodies in the upper and lower human respiratory tract at steady state and after respiratory viral infection
OBJECTIVES: There is an increasing appreciation for the need to study mucosal antibody responses in humans. Our aim was to determine the utility of different types of samples from the human respiratory tract, specifically nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs obtained for diagnostic purposes and bronchoalveolar...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10410120/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37564999 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1460 |
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author | Koutsakos, Marios Turner, Jackson S Guillamet, M Cristina Vazquez Reynolds, Daniel Lei, Tingting Byers, Derek E Ellebedy, Ali H Mudd, Philip A |
author_facet | Koutsakos, Marios Turner, Jackson S Guillamet, M Cristina Vazquez Reynolds, Daniel Lei, Tingting Byers, Derek E Ellebedy, Ali H Mudd, Philip A |
author_sort | Koutsakos, Marios |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: There is an increasing appreciation for the need to study mucosal antibody responses in humans. Our aim was to determine the utility of different types of samples from the human respiratory tract, specifically nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs obtained for diagnostic purposes and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) obtained in outpatient and inpatient settings. METHODS: We analysed antibody levels in plasma and NP swabs from 67 individuals with acute influenza as well as plasma and BAL from individuals undergoing bronchoscopy, including five control subjects as well as seven moderately and seven severely ill subjects with a respiratory viral infection. Levels of α2‐macroglobulin were determined in BAL and plasma to assess plasma exudation. RESULTS: IgG and IgA were readily detectable in BAL and NP swabs, albeit at different ratios, while IgM levels were low. The total amount of antibody recovered from NP swabs varied greatly between study participants. Accordingly, the levels of influenza HA‐specific antibodies varied, and individuals with lower amounts of total Ig in NP swabs had undetectable levels of HA‐specific Ig. Similarly, the total amount of antibody recovered from BAL varied between study participants. However, severely ill patients showed evidence of increased plasma exudation, which may confound analysis of their BAL samples for mucosal antibodies. CONCLUSION: Nasopharyngeal swabs collected for diagnostic purposes may have utility in assessing antibodies from the human nasal mucosa, but variability in sampling should be accounted for. BAL samples can be utilised to study antibodies from the lower respiratory tract, but the possibility of plasma exudation should be excluded. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10410120 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104101202023-08-10 Assessment of antibodies in the upper and lower human respiratory tract at steady state and after respiratory viral infection Koutsakos, Marios Turner, Jackson S Guillamet, M Cristina Vazquez Reynolds, Daniel Lei, Tingting Byers, Derek E Ellebedy, Ali H Mudd, Philip A Clin Transl Immunology Short Communication OBJECTIVES: There is an increasing appreciation for the need to study mucosal antibody responses in humans. Our aim was to determine the utility of different types of samples from the human respiratory tract, specifically nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs obtained for diagnostic purposes and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) obtained in outpatient and inpatient settings. METHODS: We analysed antibody levels in plasma and NP swabs from 67 individuals with acute influenza as well as plasma and BAL from individuals undergoing bronchoscopy, including five control subjects as well as seven moderately and seven severely ill subjects with a respiratory viral infection. Levels of α2‐macroglobulin were determined in BAL and plasma to assess plasma exudation. RESULTS: IgG and IgA were readily detectable in BAL and NP swabs, albeit at different ratios, while IgM levels were low. The total amount of antibody recovered from NP swabs varied greatly between study participants. Accordingly, the levels of influenza HA‐specific antibodies varied, and individuals with lower amounts of total Ig in NP swabs had undetectable levels of HA‐specific Ig. Similarly, the total amount of antibody recovered from BAL varied between study participants. However, severely ill patients showed evidence of increased plasma exudation, which may confound analysis of their BAL samples for mucosal antibodies. CONCLUSION: Nasopharyngeal swabs collected for diagnostic purposes may have utility in assessing antibodies from the human nasal mucosa, but variability in sampling should be accounted for. BAL samples can be utilised to study antibodies from the lower respiratory tract, but the possibility of plasma exudation should be excluded. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023-08-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10410120/ /pubmed/37564999 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1460 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Clinical & Translational Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Short Communication Koutsakos, Marios Turner, Jackson S Guillamet, M Cristina Vazquez Reynolds, Daniel Lei, Tingting Byers, Derek E Ellebedy, Ali H Mudd, Philip A Assessment of antibodies in the upper and lower human respiratory tract at steady state and after respiratory viral infection |
title | Assessment of antibodies in the upper and lower human respiratory tract at steady state and after respiratory viral infection |
title_full | Assessment of antibodies in the upper and lower human respiratory tract at steady state and after respiratory viral infection |
title_fullStr | Assessment of antibodies in the upper and lower human respiratory tract at steady state and after respiratory viral infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of antibodies in the upper and lower human respiratory tract at steady state and after respiratory viral infection |
title_short | Assessment of antibodies in the upper and lower human respiratory tract at steady state and after respiratory viral infection |
title_sort | assessment of antibodies in the upper and lower human respiratory tract at steady state and after respiratory viral infection |
topic | Short Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10410120/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37564999 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1460 |
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