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Mild Depressive Symptoms in Airline Pilots Associated With Impaired Executive Functions
Introduction: While significant efforts have been made to understand the influence of depression-related impairments on executive functioning within the general population, the specific impact on airline pilots remains largely unexplored. Considering the crucial role that cognitive abilities play in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cureus
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10410288/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37565100 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.41616 |
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author | Minoretti, Piercarlo Santiago Sáez, Andrés S García Martín, Ángel F Liaño Riera, Miryam Gómez Serrano, Manuel Emanuele, Enzo |
author_facet | Minoretti, Piercarlo Santiago Sáez, Andrés S García Martín, Ángel F Liaño Riera, Miryam Gómez Serrano, Manuel Emanuele, Enzo |
author_sort | Minoretti, Piercarlo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Introduction: While significant efforts have been made to understand the influence of depression-related impairments on executive functioning within the general population, the specific impact on airline pilots remains largely unexplored. Considering the crucial role that cognitive abilities play in the realm of aircraft piloting, it is imperative to probe into the potential repercussions of depressive symptoms on executive functions (EFs) among this professional cohort. Objectives: This study aims to explore the associations between depressive symptoms and EFs in a convenience sample of airline pilots. Methods: Male airline pilots (n = 100) underwent the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) to gauge both the presence and intensity of depressive symptoms. The Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT), the Digit Span Task (DST), and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were used to assess EFs. Results: Of the entire sample of pilots, 88% (n = 88) demonstrated minimal depressive symptoms with a BDI-II score ranging from 0 to 13. The remaining 12% (n = 12) exhibited mild depression, with scores between 14 and 19. Pilots suffering from mild depression demonstrated prolonged color and word times and a higher time interference (TI) score on the SCWT. Moreover, these individuals exhibited lower scores on the DST across both the forward digit span (FDS) and backward digit span (BDS) subtests. Finally, the presence of mild depression correlated with an increased number of total errors, encompassing both perseverative and non-perseverative errors, in the WCST. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, we found an independent association between BDI-II scores and total errors in the WCST. Conclusion: Our research points to substantial differences in EFs between airline pilots demonstrating mild depression and those exhibiting minimal depressive symptoms. This information can catalyze heightened consciousness about the psychological welfare of pilots. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10410288 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Cureus |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104102882023-08-10 Mild Depressive Symptoms in Airline Pilots Associated With Impaired Executive Functions Minoretti, Piercarlo Santiago Sáez, Andrés S García Martín, Ángel F Liaño Riera, Miryam Gómez Serrano, Manuel Emanuele, Enzo Cureus Psychology Introduction: While significant efforts have been made to understand the influence of depression-related impairments on executive functioning within the general population, the specific impact on airline pilots remains largely unexplored. Considering the crucial role that cognitive abilities play in the realm of aircraft piloting, it is imperative to probe into the potential repercussions of depressive symptoms on executive functions (EFs) among this professional cohort. Objectives: This study aims to explore the associations between depressive symptoms and EFs in a convenience sample of airline pilots. Methods: Male airline pilots (n = 100) underwent the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) to gauge both the presence and intensity of depressive symptoms. The Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT), the Digit Span Task (DST), and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were used to assess EFs. Results: Of the entire sample of pilots, 88% (n = 88) demonstrated minimal depressive symptoms with a BDI-II score ranging from 0 to 13. The remaining 12% (n = 12) exhibited mild depression, with scores between 14 and 19. Pilots suffering from mild depression demonstrated prolonged color and word times and a higher time interference (TI) score on the SCWT. Moreover, these individuals exhibited lower scores on the DST across both the forward digit span (FDS) and backward digit span (BDS) subtests. Finally, the presence of mild depression correlated with an increased number of total errors, encompassing both perseverative and non-perseverative errors, in the WCST. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, we found an independent association between BDI-II scores and total errors in the WCST. Conclusion: Our research points to substantial differences in EFs between airline pilots demonstrating mild depression and those exhibiting minimal depressive symptoms. This information can catalyze heightened consciousness about the psychological welfare of pilots. Cureus 2023-07-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10410288/ /pubmed/37565100 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.41616 Text en Copyright © 2023, Minoretti et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Minoretti, Piercarlo Santiago Sáez, Andrés S García Martín, Ángel F Liaño Riera, Miryam Gómez Serrano, Manuel Emanuele, Enzo Mild Depressive Symptoms in Airline Pilots Associated With Impaired Executive Functions |
title | Mild Depressive Symptoms in Airline Pilots Associated With Impaired Executive Functions |
title_full | Mild Depressive Symptoms in Airline Pilots Associated With Impaired Executive Functions |
title_fullStr | Mild Depressive Symptoms in Airline Pilots Associated With Impaired Executive Functions |
title_full_unstemmed | Mild Depressive Symptoms in Airline Pilots Associated With Impaired Executive Functions |
title_short | Mild Depressive Symptoms in Airline Pilots Associated With Impaired Executive Functions |
title_sort | mild depressive symptoms in airline pilots associated with impaired executive functions |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10410288/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37565100 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.41616 |
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