Effect of possible risk factors for pharyngocutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy of laryngeal carcinomas and surgical wound infection: A meta‐analysis

A meta‐analysis study to assess the effect of possible risk factors for pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) after total laryngectomy of laryngeal carcinoma. A comprehensive literature examination till January 2023 was implemented and 1794 linked studies were appraised. The picked studies contained 3140 subjects with total laryngectomy of laryngeal carcinomas in the picked studies' baseline, 760 of them were PCF, and 2380 were no PCF. Odds ratio (OR) in addition to 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate the consequence of possible risk factors for PCF after total laryngectomy of laryngeal carcinomas and surgical wound infection after total laryngectomy of laryngeal carcinoma by the dichotomous and continuous styles and a fixed or random model. The PCF had a significantly higher surgical wound infection (OR, 6.34; 95% CI, 1.89–21.27, P = .003) compared with the no PCF in total laryngectomy of laryngeal carcinomas. The smoking (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.15–2.61, P = .008), and preoperative radiation (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.37–2.65, P < .001) had significantly higher PCF as a risk factor in total laryngectomy of laryngeal carcinomas. The preoperative radiation had a significantly lower spontaneous PCF closure (OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.14–0.79, P = .01) compared with the no preoperative radiation in total laryngectomy of laryngeal carcinomas. However, the neck dissection (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.75–2.38, P = .32), and alcohol intake (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 0.76–5.05, P = .17), had no significant effect on PCF in total laryngectomy of the PCF had a significantly higher surgical wound infection, and preoperative radiation had a significantly lower spontaneous PCF closure in total laryngectomy of laryngeal carcinomas. Smoking and preoperative radiation were shown to be risk factors for PCF, however, neck dissection and alcohol intake were not shown to be risk factors for PCF in total laryngectomy of laryngeal carcinomas. Although precautions should be taken when commerce with the consequences because some of the picked studies for this meta‐analysis was with low sample sizes.