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Co-design of an Augmented Reality Asthma Inhaler Educational Intervention for Children: Development and Usability Study
BACKGROUND: Smartphone and tablet apps that deliver health care education have been identified as effective in improving patient knowledge and treatment adherence in asthma populations. Despite asthma being the most common chronic disease in pediatrics, there are few apps that are targeted specifica...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
JMIR Publications
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10410536/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37490325 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/40219 |
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author | O'Connor, Antonia Tai, Andrew Brinn, Malcolm Hoang, Amy Nguyen Thuc Hien Cataldi, Daniele Carson-Chahhoud, Kristin |
author_facet | O'Connor, Antonia Tai, Andrew Brinn, Malcolm Hoang, Amy Nguyen Thuc Hien Cataldi, Daniele Carson-Chahhoud, Kristin |
author_sort | O'Connor, Antonia |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Smartphone and tablet apps that deliver health care education have been identified as effective in improving patient knowledge and treatment adherence in asthma populations. Despite asthma being the most common chronic disease in pediatrics, there are few apps that are targeted specifically for children. Only half of children with asthma have acceptable control of their symptoms, and 40%-98% do not use their inhalers correctly. With children being increasingly connected to technology, there is an opportunity to improve asthma inhaler technique education by delivery via smartphone or tablet apps. Augmented reality (AR) technology was used in this study to capitalize on growing technological innovations. Digital health interventions that use a co-design process for development have the highest likelihood of successful uptake and effectiveness on their intended outcomes. Perceived usability also has been shown to improve the effectiveness of education as well as the acceptance of the intervention. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to describe the co-design process, development, and design outcomes of a smartphone or tablet app that incorporates AR technology to deliver asthma inhaler technique education to children with asthma. This study also aimed to provide a usability evaluation, using the System Usability Scale to inform our work and future research, and recommendations for others performing similar work. METHODS: The development of the AR asthma inhaler technique education app was based on an iterative co-design process with likely end users (children with asthma, their caregivers, and health care professionals). This involved multiple stages: recruitment of end users for qualitative interviews and usability testing with a previously designed educational intervention, which used an AR-embedded smartphone or tablet app; ideation of content for a specific asthma inhaler technique education intervention with end users; development of the specific asthma inhaler intervention; and 2 further rounds of interviews and usability testing with the redesign of the initial prototype. RESULTS: We included 16 participants aged 9-45 years. Using the co-design process, the AR asthma inhaler technique education app was designed, incorporating the preferences of end users. After iteration 1, animation was included based on the feedback provided. Iteration 2 feedback resulted in increased AR experiences and the removal of the requirement of a paper-based resource to trigger AR in the third iteration. Throughout all rounds, the ease of use of the app and the novel nature of the intervention were frequently described. The usability of the intervention overall was perceived to be excellent, and the mean System Usability Scale score of the intervention was found to be highest in the final round of evaluation (90.14). CONCLUSIONS: The results from this co-design process and usability evaluation will be used to develop a final AR asthma inhaler technique educational intervention, which will be evaluated in the clinical setting. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.1177/16094069211042229 |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10410536 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | JMIR Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104105362023-08-10 Co-design of an Augmented Reality Asthma Inhaler Educational Intervention for Children: Development and Usability Study O'Connor, Antonia Tai, Andrew Brinn, Malcolm Hoang, Amy Nguyen Thuc Hien Cataldi, Daniele Carson-Chahhoud, Kristin JMIR Pediatr Parent Original Paper BACKGROUND: Smartphone and tablet apps that deliver health care education have been identified as effective in improving patient knowledge and treatment adherence in asthma populations. Despite asthma being the most common chronic disease in pediatrics, there are few apps that are targeted specifically for children. Only half of children with asthma have acceptable control of their symptoms, and 40%-98% do not use their inhalers correctly. With children being increasingly connected to technology, there is an opportunity to improve asthma inhaler technique education by delivery via smartphone or tablet apps. Augmented reality (AR) technology was used in this study to capitalize on growing technological innovations. Digital health interventions that use a co-design process for development have the highest likelihood of successful uptake and effectiveness on their intended outcomes. Perceived usability also has been shown to improve the effectiveness of education as well as the acceptance of the intervention. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to describe the co-design process, development, and design outcomes of a smartphone or tablet app that incorporates AR technology to deliver asthma inhaler technique education to children with asthma. This study also aimed to provide a usability evaluation, using the System Usability Scale to inform our work and future research, and recommendations for others performing similar work. METHODS: The development of the AR asthma inhaler technique education app was based on an iterative co-design process with likely end users (children with asthma, their caregivers, and health care professionals). This involved multiple stages: recruitment of end users for qualitative interviews and usability testing with a previously designed educational intervention, which used an AR-embedded smartphone or tablet app; ideation of content for a specific asthma inhaler technique education intervention with end users; development of the specific asthma inhaler intervention; and 2 further rounds of interviews and usability testing with the redesign of the initial prototype. RESULTS: We included 16 participants aged 9-45 years. Using the co-design process, the AR asthma inhaler technique education app was designed, incorporating the preferences of end users. After iteration 1, animation was included based on the feedback provided. Iteration 2 feedback resulted in increased AR experiences and the removal of the requirement of a paper-based resource to trigger AR in the third iteration. Throughout all rounds, the ease of use of the app and the novel nature of the intervention were frequently described. The usability of the intervention overall was perceived to be excellent, and the mean System Usability Scale score of the intervention was found to be highest in the final round of evaluation (90.14). CONCLUSIONS: The results from this co-design process and usability evaluation will be used to develop a final AR asthma inhaler technique educational intervention, which will be evaluated in the clinical setting. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.1177/16094069211042229 JMIR Publications 2023-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10410536/ /pubmed/37490325 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/40219 Text en ©Antonia O'Connor, Andrew Tai, Malcolm Brinn, Amy Nguyen Thuc Hien Hoang, Daniele Cataldi, Kristin Carson-Chahhoud. Originally published in JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting (https://pediatrics.jmir.org), 25.07.2023. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://pediatrics.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included. |
spellingShingle | Original Paper O'Connor, Antonia Tai, Andrew Brinn, Malcolm Hoang, Amy Nguyen Thuc Hien Cataldi, Daniele Carson-Chahhoud, Kristin Co-design of an Augmented Reality Asthma Inhaler Educational Intervention for Children: Development and Usability Study |
title | Co-design of an Augmented Reality Asthma Inhaler Educational Intervention for Children: Development and Usability Study |
title_full | Co-design of an Augmented Reality Asthma Inhaler Educational Intervention for Children: Development and Usability Study |
title_fullStr | Co-design of an Augmented Reality Asthma Inhaler Educational Intervention for Children: Development and Usability Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Co-design of an Augmented Reality Asthma Inhaler Educational Intervention for Children: Development and Usability Study |
title_short | Co-design of an Augmented Reality Asthma Inhaler Educational Intervention for Children: Development and Usability Study |
title_sort | co-design of an augmented reality asthma inhaler educational intervention for children: development and usability study |
topic | Original Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10410536/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37490325 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/40219 |
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