Synchronous Adenocarcinoma Stomach With Marginal Zone Lymphoma: A Sporadic Occurrence and Review of Literature

Synchronous adenocarcinoma of the stomach with lymphoma is extremely rare. We report a case of a 65-year-old male patient with synchronous adenocarcinoma of the stomach with nodal marginal zone lymphoma. Initial endoscopic biopsy suggested invasive moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and a locoregional disease, per contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scans. The patient was started on neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with the 5FU, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, docetaxel (FLOT) regime and, after response evaluation, underwent radical gastrectomy. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry suggested synchronous adenocarcinoma of the stomach with marginal zone lymphoma in perigastric lymph nodes. This case is probably the first such synchronous malignancy case reported from India. The prognosis of multiple primary malignancies is usually poor because no standard guidelines are available regarding optimum treatment and sequencing of available treatment modalities. The frequency of synchronous primary cancers has been increasing in recent years, probably due to better diagnostic modalities, and second primary in patients with cancer should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses.