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Relative importance of inflammation and cardiorespiratory fitness for all-cause mortality risk in persons with rheumatoid arthritis: the population-based Trøndelag Health Study
OBJECTIVE: Inflammation and reduced cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with increased mortality rates in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed at directly comparing the relative importance of inflammation and reduced CRF as mediators of all-cause mortality in persons with RA compared with...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10414116/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37553186 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003194 |
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author | Videm, Vibeke Liff, Marthe Halsan Hoff, Mari |
author_facet | Videm, Vibeke Liff, Marthe Halsan Hoff, Mari |
author_sort | Videm, Vibeke |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: Inflammation and reduced cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with increased mortality rates in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed at directly comparing the relative importance of inflammation and reduced CRF as mediators of all-cause mortality in persons with RA compared with controls, quantifying direct and indirect (mediated) effects. METHODS: Persons with (n=223, cases) and without (n=31 684, controls) RA from the third survey of the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3, 2006–2008) were included. Inflammation was quantified using C reactive protein (CRP) and estimated CRF (eCRF) was calculated using published formulae. All-cause mortality was found by linkage to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry, with follow-up from inclusion in HUNT3 until death or 31 December 2018. Data were analysed using standardised equation modelling, permitting complex correlations among variables. RESULTS: Persons with RA had increased all-cause mortality rates (24.1% vs 9.9%, p<0.001). Both eCRF (p<0.001) and CRP ≥3 mg/L (p<0.001) were mediators of this excess mortality, rendering the direct effect of RA non-significant (p=0.19). The indirect effect of RA mediated by eCRF (standardised coefficient 0.006) was approximately three times higher than the indirect effect mediated by CRP (standardised coefficient 0.002) in a model adjusted for other mortality risk factors. CONCLUSION: Even with CRP concentrations <3 mg/L in all patients with RA, excess mortality mediated by low CRF would still play an important role. Improved inflammation control in RA does not necessarily lead to better CRF. Therefore, our study strongly supports recommendations for development and implementation of exercise programmes aimed at improving CRF in persons with RA. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10414116 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104141162023-08-11 Relative importance of inflammation and cardiorespiratory fitness for all-cause mortality risk in persons with rheumatoid arthritis: the population-based Trøndelag Health Study Videm, Vibeke Liff, Marthe Halsan Hoff, Mari RMD Open Rheumatoid Arthritis OBJECTIVE: Inflammation and reduced cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with increased mortality rates in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed at directly comparing the relative importance of inflammation and reduced CRF as mediators of all-cause mortality in persons with RA compared with controls, quantifying direct and indirect (mediated) effects. METHODS: Persons with (n=223, cases) and without (n=31 684, controls) RA from the third survey of the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3, 2006–2008) were included. Inflammation was quantified using C reactive protein (CRP) and estimated CRF (eCRF) was calculated using published formulae. All-cause mortality was found by linkage to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry, with follow-up from inclusion in HUNT3 until death or 31 December 2018. Data were analysed using standardised equation modelling, permitting complex correlations among variables. RESULTS: Persons with RA had increased all-cause mortality rates (24.1% vs 9.9%, p<0.001). Both eCRF (p<0.001) and CRP ≥3 mg/L (p<0.001) were mediators of this excess mortality, rendering the direct effect of RA non-significant (p=0.19). The indirect effect of RA mediated by eCRF (standardised coefficient 0.006) was approximately three times higher than the indirect effect mediated by CRP (standardised coefficient 0.002) in a model adjusted for other mortality risk factors. CONCLUSION: Even with CRP concentrations <3 mg/L in all patients with RA, excess mortality mediated by low CRF would still play an important role. Improved inflammation control in RA does not necessarily lead to better CRF. Therefore, our study strongly supports recommendations for development and implementation of exercise programmes aimed at improving CRF in persons with RA. BMJ Publishing Group 2023-08-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10414116/ /pubmed/37553186 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003194 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Rheumatoid Arthritis Videm, Vibeke Liff, Marthe Halsan Hoff, Mari Relative importance of inflammation and cardiorespiratory fitness for all-cause mortality risk in persons with rheumatoid arthritis: the population-based Trøndelag Health Study |
title | Relative importance of inflammation and cardiorespiratory fitness for all-cause mortality risk in persons with rheumatoid arthritis: the population-based Trøndelag Health Study |
title_full | Relative importance of inflammation and cardiorespiratory fitness for all-cause mortality risk in persons with rheumatoid arthritis: the population-based Trøndelag Health Study |
title_fullStr | Relative importance of inflammation and cardiorespiratory fitness for all-cause mortality risk in persons with rheumatoid arthritis: the population-based Trøndelag Health Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Relative importance of inflammation and cardiorespiratory fitness for all-cause mortality risk in persons with rheumatoid arthritis: the population-based Trøndelag Health Study |
title_short | Relative importance of inflammation and cardiorespiratory fitness for all-cause mortality risk in persons with rheumatoid arthritis: the population-based Trøndelag Health Study |
title_sort | relative importance of inflammation and cardiorespiratory fitness for all-cause mortality risk in persons with rheumatoid arthritis: the population-based trøndelag health study |
topic | Rheumatoid Arthritis |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10414116/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37553186 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003194 |
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