Successful neoadjuvant treatment of EGFR exon 19 deletion combined with TP53 mutation in non-small cell lung cancer using aumolertinib after osimertinib-induced myocardial damage: a case report and literature review

The development of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of lung cancer with EGFR mutations. Aumolertinib has been shown to be a safe agent in the registry study. However, successful rechallenge with aumolertinib following osimertinib-induced myocardial damage has not been reported. In this article, a case of neoadjuvant therapy for lung adenocarcinoma is retrospectively analyzed, and the relevant literature is reviewed. The patient was diagnosed with stage IIIA lung adenocarcinoma, and genetic testing revealed EGFR exon 19 deletion mutation combined with Tumor Protein p53 (TP53) mutation. The mutation abundance is 33.5 and 14%, respectively. One month after osimertinib treatment, the patient developed myocardial damage, and abnormal indicators such as myocardial enzyme spectrum showed abnormalities and cardiac insufficiency, followed by pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary edema. Aumolertinib was subsequently used for treatment, following which the myocardial enzyme spectrum returned to normal, and the symptoms of bilateral interstitial edema disappeared. In addition to the disappearance of adverse reactions, the therapeutic effect was excellent; the lung lesions and mediastinal lymph nodes were significantly reduced, and the operation was successfully conducted. This is the first report of successful neoadjuvant treatment of EGFR exon 19 deletion combined with TP53 mutation in NSCLC using aumolertinib after osimertinib-induced myocardial damage. The results suggested that aumolertinib had fewer adverse reactions in patients with EGFR exon 19 deletion combined with TP53 mutation, and aumolertinib may be a potential neoadjuvant therapy for stage IIIA lung cancer.