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Association between air pollution and primary liver cancer in European and east Asian populations: a Mendelian randomization study

PURPOSE: The incidence of primary liver cancer is increasing year by year, with environmental factors playing a non-negligible role. At present, many studies are still disputing whether air pollution is associated with primary liver cancer incidence, and it is difficult to draw causal inferences. Th...

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Autores principales: Sun, Mengting, Gao, Ming, Luo, Manjun, Wang, Tingting, Zhong, Taowei, Qin, Jiabi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10415013/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37575092
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1212301
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author Sun, Mengting
Gao, Ming
Luo, Manjun
Wang, Tingting
Zhong, Taowei
Qin, Jiabi
author_facet Sun, Mengting
Gao, Ming
Luo, Manjun
Wang, Tingting
Zhong, Taowei
Qin, Jiabi
author_sort Sun, Mengting
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: The incidence of primary liver cancer is increasing year by year, with environmental factors playing a non-negligible role. At present, many studies are still disputing whether air pollution is associated with primary liver cancer incidence, and it is difficult to draw causal inferences. Therefore, in this study, we used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the causal relationship between air pollution (including PM2.5, PM2.5–10, PM10, nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen oxides) and primary liver cancer risk and its related biomarkers (Alpha-fetoprotein, Osteopontin, Glypican-3 and Arginase-1). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We used large-scale publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data to conduct MR analyses of European and East Asian populations. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis method, and weighted median model, MR-Egger, simple model and weighted model methods were selected for quality control. Heterogeneity was checked by the Cochran’s Q test. The MR-Egger regression and the MR-PRESSO global test detect pleiotropy. The sensitivity analysis was performed using the leave-one-out method. RESULTS: Between air pollution and primary liver cancer in either European (PM2.5: p = 0.993; PM2.5–10: p = 0.833; PM10: p = 0.257; nitrogen dioxide: p = 0.215; nitrogen oxides: p = 0.614) or East Asian (PM2.5: p = 0.718; PM2.5–10: p = 0.362; PM10: p = 0.720; nitrogen dioxide: p = 0.101; nitrogen oxides: p = 0.760) populations were found no statistical association. Notably, there was a causal relationship between nitrogen oxides and Arginase-1, a biomarker associated with hepatocellular differentiation, statistically significant associations remained after deletion for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with alcohol intake frequency, Body mass index (BMI) and cancers (Beta: 4.46; 95%CI: 0.83–8.08; p = 0.015). There was no heterogeneity or pleiotropy in the results. CONCLUSION: This MR study found no evidence to support a causality between air pollution and primary liver cancer in European and East Asian populations, but nitrogen oxides may affect hepatocellular differentiation.
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spelling pubmed-104150132023-08-11 Association between air pollution and primary liver cancer in European and east Asian populations: a Mendelian randomization study Sun, Mengting Gao, Ming Luo, Manjun Wang, Tingting Zhong, Taowei Qin, Jiabi Front Public Health Public Health PURPOSE: The incidence of primary liver cancer is increasing year by year, with environmental factors playing a non-negligible role. At present, many studies are still disputing whether air pollution is associated with primary liver cancer incidence, and it is difficult to draw causal inferences. Therefore, in this study, we used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the causal relationship between air pollution (including PM2.5, PM2.5–10, PM10, nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen oxides) and primary liver cancer risk and its related biomarkers (Alpha-fetoprotein, Osteopontin, Glypican-3 and Arginase-1). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We used large-scale publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data to conduct MR analyses of European and East Asian populations. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis method, and weighted median model, MR-Egger, simple model and weighted model methods were selected for quality control. Heterogeneity was checked by the Cochran’s Q test. The MR-Egger regression and the MR-PRESSO global test detect pleiotropy. The sensitivity analysis was performed using the leave-one-out method. RESULTS: Between air pollution and primary liver cancer in either European (PM2.5: p = 0.993; PM2.5–10: p = 0.833; PM10: p = 0.257; nitrogen dioxide: p = 0.215; nitrogen oxides: p = 0.614) or East Asian (PM2.5: p = 0.718; PM2.5–10: p = 0.362; PM10: p = 0.720; nitrogen dioxide: p = 0.101; nitrogen oxides: p = 0.760) populations were found no statistical association. Notably, there was a causal relationship between nitrogen oxides and Arginase-1, a biomarker associated with hepatocellular differentiation, statistically significant associations remained after deletion for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with alcohol intake frequency, Body mass index (BMI) and cancers (Beta: 4.46; 95%CI: 0.83–8.08; p = 0.015). There was no heterogeneity or pleiotropy in the results. CONCLUSION: This MR study found no evidence to support a causality between air pollution and primary liver cancer in European and East Asian populations, but nitrogen oxides may affect hepatocellular differentiation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10415013/ /pubmed/37575092 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1212301 Text en Copyright © 2023 Sun, Gao, Luo, Wang, Zhong and Qin. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health
Sun, Mengting
Gao, Ming
Luo, Manjun
Wang, Tingting
Zhong, Taowei
Qin, Jiabi
Association between air pollution and primary liver cancer in European and east Asian populations: a Mendelian randomization study
title Association between air pollution and primary liver cancer in European and east Asian populations: a Mendelian randomization study
title_full Association between air pollution and primary liver cancer in European and east Asian populations: a Mendelian randomization study
title_fullStr Association between air pollution and primary liver cancer in European and east Asian populations: a Mendelian randomization study
title_full_unstemmed Association between air pollution and primary liver cancer in European and east Asian populations: a Mendelian randomization study
title_short Association between air pollution and primary liver cancer in European and east Asian populations: a Mendelian randomization study
title_sort association between air pollution and primary liver cancer in european and east asian populations: a mendelian randomization study
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10415013/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37575092
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1212301
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