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A systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: A European perspective

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease which is globally distributed and represents a classic One Health issue that demands a comprehensive understanding of the hosts, transmission paths, and risk factors of transmission. Bovine leptospirosis often results in economic losses through its severe impact o...

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Autores principales: Sohm, Cynthia, Steiner, Janina, Jöbstl, Julia, Wittek, Thomas, Firth, Clair, Steinparzer, Romana, Desvars-Larrive, Amélie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10416059/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37577054
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100608
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author Sohm, Cynthia
Steiner, Janina
Jöbstl, Julia
Wittek, Thomas
Firth, Clair
Steinparzer, Romana
Desvars-Larrive, Amélie
author_facet Sohm, Cynthia
Steiner, Janina
Jöbstl, Julia
Wittek, Thomas
Firth, Clair
Steinparzer, Romana
Desvars-Larrive, Amélie
author_sort Sohm, Cynthia
collection PubMed
description Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease which is globally distributed and represents a classic One Health issue that demands a comprehensive understanding of the hosts, transmission paths, and risk factors of transmission. Bovine leptospirosis often results in economic losses through its severe impact on reproduction performance while it threatens human health at human-cattle-environment interfaces. However, a clear analysis of the disease characteristics in European cattle is currently lacking. The objective of this review was to summarise the current knowledge on the epidemiology of bovine leptospirosis in Europe. We conducted a systematic literature review, screening four electronic databases, and filtered articles published between 2001 and 2021, in English, German, and French. Sixty-two articles were ultimately included in the review. The seroprevalence of leptospirosis in cattle was remarkably variable among studies, probably reflecting local variations but also heterogeneity in the study designs, laboratory methods, and sample sizes. Risk factors positively associated with the disease were diverse, related to local, environmental, and climatic parameters as well as farming practices. The most reported circulating Leptospira serogroups in European cattle were Sejroe (58.5%), Australis (41.5%), Grippotyphosa (41.5%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (37.7%), and Pomona (26.4%), which have also been associated with human infections worldwide. Abortion (58.6%) and fertility disorders (24.1%) were the most frequently reported signs of leptospirosis in European cattle and were generally associated with chronic infections. This work highlights several research gaps, including a lack of harmonisation in diagnostic methods, a lack of large-scale studies, and a lack of molecular investigations. Given that predictions regarding the climatic suitability for leptospirosis in Europe suggest an increase of leptospirosis risk it is important to raise awareness among stakeholders and motivate an integrated One Health approach to the prevention and control of this zoonotic disease in cattle and humans.
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spelling pubmed-104160592023-08-12 A systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: A European perspective Sohm, Cynthia Steiner, Janina Jöbstl, Julia Wittek, Thomas Firth, Clair Steinparzer, Romana Desvars-Larrive, Amélie One Health Review Paper Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease which is globally distributed and represents a classic One Health issue that demands a comprehensive understanding of the hosts, transmission paths, and risk factors of transmission. Bovine leptospirosis often results in economic losses through its severe impact on reproduction performance while it threatens human health at human-cattle-environment interfaces. However, a clear analysis of the disease characteristics in European cattle is currently lacking. The objective of this review was to summarise the current knowledge on the epidemiology of bovine leptospirosis in Europe. We conducted a systematic literature review, screening four electronic databases, and filtered articles published between 2001 and 2021, in English, German, and French. Sixty-two articles were ultimately included in the review. The seroprevalence of leptospirosis in cattle was remarkably variable among studies, probably reflecting local variations but also heterogeneity in the study designs, laboratory methods, and sample sizes. Risk factors positively associated with the disease were diverse, related to local, environmental, and climatic parameters as well as farming practices. The most reported circulating Leptospira serogroups in European cattle were Sejroe (58.5%), Australis (41.5%), Grippotyphosa (41.5%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (37.7%), and Pomona (26.4%), which have also been associated with human infections worldwide. Abortion (58.6%) and fertility disorders (24.1%) were the most frequently reported signs of leptospirosis in European cattle and were generally associated with chronic infections. This work highlights several research gaps, including a lack of harmonisation in diagnostic methods, a lack of large-scale studies, and a lack of molecular investigations. Given that predictions regarding the climatic suitability for leptospirosis in Europe suggest an increase of leptospirosis risk it is important to raise awareness among stakeholders and motivate an integrated One Health approach to the prevention and control of this zoonotic disease in cattle and humans. Elsevier 2023-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10416059/ /pubmed/37577054 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100608 Text en © 2023 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review Paper
Sohm, Cynthia
Steiner, Janina
Jöbstl, Julia
Wittek, Thomas
Firth, Clair
Steinparzer, Romana
Desvars-Larrive, Amélie
A systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: A European perspective
title A systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: A European perspective
title_full A systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: A European perspective
title_fullStr A systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: A European perspective
title_full_unstemmed A systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: A European perspective
title_short A systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: A European perspective
title_sort systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: a european perspective
topic Review Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10416059/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37577054
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100608
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