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Electrochemical Nickel-Catalyzed C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) Cross-Coupling of Alkyl Halides with Alkyl Tosylates
[Image: see text] Formation of new C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) bonds is a powerful synthetic tool to increase molecular diversity, which is highly sought after in medicinal chemistry. Traditional generation of carbon nucleophiles and more modern cross-electrophile-coupling methods typically lack sufficient se...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Chemical Society
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10416217/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37494617 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.3c07313 |
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author | Ibrahim, Malek Y. S. Cumming, Graham R. Gonzalez de Vega, Raquel Garcia-Losada, Pablo de Frutos, Oscar Kappe, C. Oliver Cantillo, David |
author_facet | Ibrahim, Malek Y. S. Cumming, Graham R. Gonzalez de Vega, Raquel Garcia-Losada, Pablo de Frutos, Oscar Kappe, C. Oliver Cantillo, David |
author_sort | Ibrahim, Malek Y. S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | [Image: see text] Formation of new C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) bonds is a powerful synthetic tool to increase molecular diversity, which is highly sought after in medicinal chemistry. Traditional generation of carbon nucleophiles and more modern cross-electrophile-coupling methods typically lack sufficient selectivity when cross-coupling of analogous C(sp(3))-containing reactants is attempted. Herein, we present a nickel-catalyzed, electrochemically driven method for the coupling of alkyl bromides with alkyl tosylates. Selective cross-coupling transformations were achieved even between C(sp(3))-secondary bromides and tosylates. Key to achieve high selectivity was the combination of the tosylates with sodium bromide as the supporting electrolyte, gradually generating small amounts of the more reactive bromide by substitution and ensuring that one of the reaction partners in the nickel-catalyzed electroreductive process is maintained in excess during a large part of the process. The method has been demonstrated for a wide range of substrates (>30 compounds) in moderate to good yields. Further expanding the scope of electroorganic synthesis to C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) cross-coupling reactions is anticipated to facilitate the switch to green organic synthesis and encourage future innovative electrochemical transformations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10416217 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | American Chemical Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104162172023-08-12 Electrochemical Nickel-Catalyzed C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) Cross-Coupling of Alkyl Halides with Alkyl Tosylates Ibrahim, Malek Y. S. Cumming, Graham R. Gonzalez de Vega, Raquel Garcia-Losada, Pablo de Frutos, Oscar Kappe, C. Oliver Cantillo, David J Am Chem Soc [Image: see text] Formation of new C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) bonds is a powerful synthetic tool to increase molecular diversity, which is highly sought after in medicinal chemistry. Traditional generation of carbon nucleophiles and more modern cross-electrophile-coupling methods typically lack sufficient selectivity when cross-coupling of analogous C(sp(3))-containing reactants is attempted. Herein, we present a nickel-catalyzed, electrochemically driven method for the coupling of alkyl bromides with alkyl tosylates. Selective cross-coupling transformations were achieved even between C(sp(3))-secondary bromides and tosylates. Key to achieve high selectivity was the combination of the tosylates with sodium bromide as the supporting electrolyte, gradually generating small amounts of the more reactive bromide by substitution and ensuring that one of the reaction partners in the nickel-catalyzed electroreductive process is maintained in excess during a large part of the process. The method has been demonstrated for a wide range of substrates (>30 compounds) in moderate to good yields. Further expanding the scope of electroorganic synthesis to C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) cross-coupling reactions is anticipated to facilitate the switch to green organic synthesis and encourage future innovative electrochemical transformations. American Chemical Society 2023-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10416217/ /pubmed/37494617 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.3c07313 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Permits the broadest form of re-use including for commercial purposes, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Ibrahim, Malek Y. S. Cumming, Graham R. Gonzalez de Vega, Raquel Garcia-Losada, Pablo de Frutos, Oscar Kappe, C. Oliver Cantillo, David Electrochemical Nickel-Catalyzed C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) Cross-Coupling of Alkyl Halides with Alkyl Tosylates |
title | Electrochemical
Nickel-Catalyzed C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) Cross-Coupling
of Alkyl Halides with Alkyl Tosylates |
title_full | Electrochemical
Nickel-Catalyzed C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) Cross-Coupling
of Alkyl Halides with Alkyl Tosylates |
title_fullStr | Electrochemical
Nickel-Catalyzed C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) Cross-Coupling
of Alkyl Halides with Alkyl Tosylates |
title_full_unstemmed | Electrochemical
Nickel-Catalyzed C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) Cross-Coupling
of Alkyl Halides with Alkyl Tosylates |
title_short | Electrochemical
Nickel-Catalyzed C(sp(3))–C(sp(3)) Cross-Coupling
of Alkyl Halides with Alkyl Tosylates |
title_sort | electrochemical
nickel-catalyzed c(sp(3))–c(sp(3)) cross-coupling
of alkyl halides with alkyl tosylates |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10416217/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37494617 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.3c07313 |
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