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Asian Healthcare Workers and Their Experiences of Racism in North America: A Scoping Review

BACKGROUND: The rising rates of anti-Asian sentiments has recently been called into question by several community activists and scholars. While this collective work has heightened awareness to address anti-Asian racism, the experiences of Asian healthcare workers in particular remains limited. PURPO...

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Autores principales: Louie-Poon, Samantha, Chiu, Patrick, Kung, Janice Y.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10416554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36959748
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08445621231166101
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author Louie-Poon, Samantha
Chiu, Patrick
Kung, Janice Y.
author_facet Louie-Poon, Samantha
Chiu, Patrick
Kung, Janice Y.
author_sort Louie-Poon, Samantha
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The rising rates of anti-Asian sentiments has recently been called into question by several community activists and scholars. While this collective work has heightened awareness to address anti-Asian racism, the experiences of Asian healthcare workers in particular remains limited. PURPOSE: To map the existing literature on anti-Asian racism experienced by Asian healthcare workers in North American healthcare settings, identify gaps in the current literature base, and inform future areas of anti-Asian racism research. METHODS: A scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley’s (2005) methodology with updated guidance by Levac et al. (2010) and Peters et al. (2020) was undertaken. FINDINGS: A total of 3565 articles from database searches were identified from eight databases, with 64 full text articles screened and 15 articles included in this review. Anti-Asian racism amongst healthcare workers has been conceptualized, studied, and understood in three broad categories: levels of racism, descriptions of anti-Asian racism, and the impact of racism. In 60% of the included articles, interpersonal level of racism was solely studied, while 40% articles simultaneously studied interpersonal and institutional levels of racism. Anti-Asian racism was described through three key perspectives: otherness, inferior professional status, and general racial discrimination. Lastly, the impact of Asian healthcare workers’ experiences of anti-Asian racism was studied by exploring the impact on mental health and barriers to career advancement. CONCLUSION: Despite the presence of anti-Asian racism, the limited literature examining the complexities of the experiences of anti-Asian racism for Asian healthcare workers is concerning. Future scholarship requires further investigation that comprehensively explores the multiple pathways of anti-Asian racism, the contestation of monolithic stereotypes, and how Asian healthcare workers negotiate both hypervisibility and invisibility within healthcare spaces.
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spelling pubmed-104165542023-08-12 Asian Healthcare Workers and Their Experiences of Racism in North America: A Scoping Review Louie-Poon, Samantha Chiu, Patrick Kung, Janice Y. Can J Nurs Res Systematic Reviews BACKGROUND: The rising rates of anti-Asian sentiments has recently been called into question by several community activists and scholars. While this collective work has heightened awareness to address anti-Asian racism, the experiences of Asian healthcare workers in particular remains limited. PURPOSE: To map the existing literature on anti-Asian racism experienced by Asian healthcare workers in North American healthcare settings, identify gaps in the current literature base, and inform future areas of anti-Asian racism research. METHODS: A scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley’s (2005) methodology with updated guidance by Levac et al. (2010) and Peters et al. (2020) was undertaken. FINDINGS: A total of 3565 articles from database searches were identified from eight databases, with 64 full text articles screened and 15 articles included in this review. Anti-Asian racism amongst healthcare workers has been conceptualized, studied, and understood in three broad categories: levels of racism, descriptions of anti-Asian racism, and the impact of racism. In 60% of the included articles, interpersonal level of racism was solely studied, while 40% articles simultaneously studied interpersonal and institutional levels of racism. Anti-Asian racism was described through three key perspectives: otherness, inferior professional status, and general racial discrimination. Lastly, the impact of Asian healthcare workers’ experiences of anti-Asian racism was studied by exploring the impact on mental health and barriers to career advancement. CONCLUSION: Despite the presence of anti-Asian racism, the limited literature examining the complexities of the experiences of anti-Asian racism for Asian healthcare workers is concerning. Future scholarship requires further investigation that comprehensively explores the multiple pathways of anti-Asian racism, the contestation of monolithic stereotypes, and how Asian healthcare workers negotiate both hypervisibility and invisibility within healthcare spaces. SAGE Publications 2023-03-23 2023-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10416554/ /pubmed/36959748 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08445621231166101 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Systematic Reviews
Louie-Poon, Samantha
Chiu, Patrick
Kung, Janice Y.
Asian Healthcare Workers and Their Experiences of Racism in North America: A Scoping Review
title Asian Healthcare Workers and Their Experiences of Racism in North America: A Scoping Review
title_full Asian Healthcare Workers and Their Experiences of Racism in North America: A Scoping Review
title_fullStr Asian Healthcare Workers and Their Experiences of Racism in North America: A Scoping Review
title_full_unstemmed Asian Healthcare Workers and Their Experiences of Racism in North America: A Scoping Review
title_short Asian Healthcare Workers and Their Experiences of Racism in North America: A Scoping Review
title_sort asian healthcare workers and their experiences of racism in north america: a scoping review
topic Systematic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10416554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36959748
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08445621231166101
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