Chemical Composition and Functional Properties of Spray-Dried Animal Plasma and Its Contributions to Livestock and Pet Health: A Review

SIMPLE SUMMARY: In recent years, the livestock industry has faced challenges related to economic issues, environmental concerns, and climate change. To address these challenges, researchers are exploring new feed and feeding practices. One such approach is the utilization of spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP), which is derived from collected animal blood and processed using spray drying to preserve its functional properties. It contains essential nutrients, immune-boosting substances, and growth factors. It has been shown to improve growth, intestinal development, and health in weaning piglets, as well as enhancing growth and disease resistance in poultry. SDAP is also used in pet nutrition, contributing to improved pet food texture, digestion, and reduced fecal output. However, there are limitations, including cost and safety concerns. This review aims to provide an overview of the chemical composition of SDAP from different animal species and its role in promoting performance and health benefits for farm animals, aquaculture, and pets. ABSTRACT: Spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP) is a functional ingredient derived from healthy animal blood, used as a nutritional additive in livestock and pet nutrition. SDAP is rich in macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds such as immunoglobulins, albumin, growth factors, peptides, transferrin, and enzymes. This review focuses on the chemical composition of SDAP from porcine, bovine, and poultry sources, including protein quality and mineral profile. SDAP enhances performance and health in monogastric farm animals, aquaculture, and pets. It promotes growth rates and feed intake due to its high digestibility and superior amino acid profile compared to other protein sources. In pigs, SDAP’s positive effects stem from tissue-specific actions in the gastrointestinal tract, impacting digestion, immunity, and barrier function. For poultry, SDAP shows promise as a substitute for antibiotic growth promoters, particularly in chick starter diets. SDAP contains functional proteins that regulate immune response, enhance intestinal health, and aid in stress conditions. It is also used as a binder in pet food, providing high protein content and other desirable properties. SDAP meets the dietary requirements of carnivorous pets, appealing to owners seeking animal-derived protein sources. Additionally, SDAP may help prevent cognitive impairment in senior dogs and cats.