Cargando…

Autoimmune Encephalitis with Antibodies: Anti-NMDAR, Anti-AMPAR, Anti-GQ1b, Anti-DPPX, Anti-CASPR2, Anti-LGI1, Anti-RI, Anti-Yo, Anti-Hu, Anti-CV2 and Anti-GABAAR, in the Course of Psychoses, Neoplastic Diseases, and Paraneoplastic Syndromes

Encephalitis is a condition with a variety of etiologies, clinical presentations, and degrees of severity. The causes of these disorders include both neuroinfections and autoimmune diseases in which host antibodies are pathologically directed against self-antigens. In autoimmune encephalitis, autoan...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Braczkowski, Michał, Soszyński, Dariusz, Sierakowska, Alicja, Braczkowski, Ryszard, Kufel, Klaudia, Łabuz-Roszak, Beata
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10417199/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37568953
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13152589
_version_ 1785087968858341376
author Braczkowski, Michał
Soszyński, Dariusz
Sierakowska, Alicja
Braczkowski, Ryszard
Kufel, Klaudia
Łabuz-Roszak, Beata
author_facet Braczkowski, Michał
Soszyński, Dariusz
Sierakowska, Alicja
Braczkowski, Ryszard
Kufel, Klaudia
Łabuz-Roszak, Beata
author_sort Braczkowski, Michał
collection PubMed
description Encephalitis is a condition with a variety of etiologies, clinical presentations, and degrees of severity. The causes of these disorders include both neuroinfections and autoimmune diseases in which host antibodies are pathologically directed against self-antigens. In autoimmune encephalitis, autoantibodies are expressed in the central nervous system. The incidence of this disease is approximately 4% of all reported cases of encephalitis. Autoimmune encephalitis can be induced by antibodies against neuronal surface antigens such as N-methyl-D-aspartate-activated glutamate receptors (NMDAR), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptors (AMPAR) or gangliosides GQ1b, DPPX, CASPR2, LGI1, as well as by antibodies against neuronal intracellular antigens. The paper presents a number of both mental and neurological symptoms of autoimmune encephalitis. Moreover, the coexistence of psychoses, neoplastic diseases, and the methods of diagnosing autoimmune encephalitis are discussed. Attention was also drawn to the fact that early diagnosis, as well as early initiation of targeted treatment, increases the chance of a successful course of the therapeutic process. Strategy and Methodology: The articles on which the following paper was based were searched using search engines such as PubMed and Medline. Considering that anti-NMDAR antibodies were first described in 2007, the articles were from 2007 to 2023. The selection of papers was made by entering the phrases “autoimmune encephalitis and psychosis/paraneplastic syndromes or cancer”. The total number of articles that could be searched was 747, of which 100 items were selected, the most recent reports illustrating the presented topic. Thirty-four of them were rejected in connection with case reports or papers that could not be accessed.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10417199
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-104171992023-08-12 Autoimmune Encephalitis with Antibodies: Anti-NMDAR, Anti-AMPAR, Anti-GQ1b, Anti-DPPX, Anti-CASPR2, Anti-LGI1, Anti-RI, Anti-Yo, Anti-Hu, Anti-CV2 and Anti-GABAAR, in the Course of Psychoses, Neoplastic Diseases, and Paraneoplastic Syndromes Braczkowski, Michał Soszyński, Dariusz Sierakowska, Alicja Braczkowski, Ryszard Kufel, Klaudia Łabuz-Roszak, Beata Diagnostics (Basel) Review Encephalitis is a condition with a variety of etiologies, clinical presentations, and degrees of severity. The causes of these disorders include both neuroinfections and autoimmune diseases in which host antibodies are pathologically directed against self-antigens. In autoimmune encephalitis, autoantibodies are expressed in the central nervous system. The incidence of this disease is approximately 4% of all reported cases of encephalitis. Autoimmune encephalitis can be induced by antibodies against neuronal surface antigens such as N-methyl-D-aspartate-activated glutamate receptors (NMDAR), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptors (AMPAR) or gangliosides GQ1b, DPPX, CASPR2, LGI1, as well as by antibodies against neuronal intracellular antigens. The paper presents a number of both mental and neurological symptoms of autoimmune encephalitis. Moreover, the coexistence of psychoses, neoplastic diseases, and the methods of diagnosing autoimmune encephalitis are discussed. Attention was also drawn to the fact that early diagnosis, as well as early initiation of targeted treatment, increases the chance of a successful course of the therapeutic process. Strategy and Methodology: The articles on which the following paper was based were searched using search engines such as PubMed and Medline. Considering that anti-NMDAR antibodies were first described in 2007, the articles were from 2007 to 2023. The selection of papers was made by entering the phrases “autoimmune encephalitis and psychosis/paraneplastic syndromes or cancer”. The total number of articles that could be searched was 747, of which 100 items were selected, the most recent reports illustrating the presented topic. Thirty-four of them were rejected in connection with case reports or papers that could not be accessed. MDPI 2023-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10417199/ /pubmed/37568953 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13152589 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Braczkowski, Michał
Soszyński, Dariusz
Sierakowska, Alicja
Braczkowski, Ryszard
Kufel, Klaudia
Łabuz-Roszak, Beata
Autoimmune Encephalitis with Antibodies: Anti-NMDAR, Anti-AMPAR, Anti-GQ1b, Anti-DPPX, Anti-CASPR2, Anti-LGI1, Anti-RI, Anti-Yo, Anti-Hu, Anti-CV2 and Anti-GABAAR, in the Course of Psychoses, Neoplastic Diseases, and Paraneoplastic Syndromes
title Autoimmune Encephalitis with Antibodies: Anti-NMDAR, Anti-AMPAR, Anti-GQ1b, Anti-DPPX, Anti-CASPR2, Anti-LGI1, Anti-RI, Anti-Yo, Anti-Hu, Anti-CV2 and Anti-GABAAR, in the Course of Psychoses, Neoplastic Diseases, and Paraneoplastic Syndromes
title_full Autoimmune Encephalitis with Antibodies: Anti-NMDAR, Anti-AMPAR, Anti-GQ1b, Anti-DPPX, Anti-CASPR2, Anti-LGI1, Anti-RI, Anti-Yo, Anti-Hu, Anti-CV2 and Anti-GABAAR, in the Course of Psychoses, Neoplastic Diseases, and Paraneoplastic Syndromes
title_fullStr Autoimmune Encephalitis with Antibodies: Anti-NMDAR, Anti-AMPAR, Anti-GQ1b, Anti-DPPX, Anti-CASPR2, Anti-LGI1, Anti-RI, Anti-Yo, Anti-Hu, Anti-CV2 and Anti-GABAAR, in the Course of Psychoses, Neoplastic Diseases, and Paraneoplastic Syndromes
title_full_unstemmed Autoimmune Encephalitis with Antibodies: Anti-NMDAR, Anti-AMPAR, Anti-GQ1b, Anti-DPPX, Anti-CASPR2, Anti-LGI1, Anti-RI, Anti-Yo, Anti-Hu, Anti-CV2 and Anti-GABAAR, in the Course of Psychoses, Neoplastic Diseases, and Paraneoplastic Syndromes
title_short Autoimmune Encephalitis with Antibodies: Anti-NMDAR, Anti-AMPAR, Anti-GQ1b, Anti-DPPX, Anti-CASPR2, Anti-LGI1, Anti-RI, Anti-Yo, Anti-Hu, Anti-CV2 and Anti-GABAAR, in the Course of Psychoses, Neoplastic Diseases, and Paraneoplastic Syndromes
title_sort autoimmune encephalitis with antibodies: anti-nmdar, anti-ampar, anti-gq1b, anti-dppx, anti-caspr2, anti-lgi1, anti-ri, anti-yo, anti-hu, anti-cv2 and anti-gabaar, in the course of psychoses, neoplastic diseases, and paraneoplastic syndromes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10417199/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37568953
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13152589
work_keys_str_mv AT braczkowskimichał autoimmuneencephalitiswithantibodiesantinmdarantiamparantigq1bantidppxanticaspr2antilgi1antiriantiyoantihuanticv2andantigabaarinthecourseofpsychosesneoplasticdiseasesandparaneoplasticsyndromes
AT soszynskidariusz autoimmuneencephalitiswithantibodiesantinmdarantiamparantigq1bantidppxanticaspr2antilgi1antiriantiyoantihuanticv2andantigabaarinthecourseofpsychosesneoplasticdiseasesandparaneoplasticsyndromes
AT sierakowskaalicja autoimmuneencephalitiswithantibodiesantinmdarantiamparantigq1bantidppxanticaspr2antilgi1antiriantiyoantihuanticv2andantigabaarinthecourseofpsychosesneoplasticdiseasesandparaneoplasticsyndromes
AT braczkowskiryszard autoimmuneencephalitiswithantibodiesantinmdarantiamparantigq1bantidppxanticaspr2antilgi1antiriantiyoantihuanticv2andantigabaarinthecourseofpsychosesneoplasticdiseasesandparaneoplasticsyndromes
AT kufelklaudia autoimmuneencephalitiswithantibodiesantinmdarantiamparantigq1bantidppxanticaspr2antilgi1antiriantiyoantihuanticv2andantigabaarinthecourseofpsychosesneoplasticdiseasesandparaneoplasticsyndromes
AT łabuzroszakbeata autoimmuneencephalitiswithantibodiesantinmdarantiamparantigq1bantidppxanticaspr2antilgi1antiriantiyoantihuanticv2andantigabaarinthecourseofpsychosesneoplasticdiseasesandparaneoplasticsyndromes