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Circular and Circulating DNA in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Pathogenesis to Potential Molecular Therapies

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) are chronic multifactorial disorders which affect the gastrointestinal tract with variable extent. Despite extensive research, their etiology and exact pathogenesis are still unknown. Cell-free DNAs (cfDNAs...

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Autores principales: Di Vincenzo, Federica, Yadid, Ylenia, Petito, Valentina, Emoli, Valeria, Masi, Letizia, Gerovska, Daniela, Araúzo-Bravo, Marcos Jesus, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Regenberg, Birgitte, Scaldaferri, Franco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10417561/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37566032
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12151953
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author Di Vincenzo, Federica
Yadid, Ylenia
Petito, Valentina
Emoli, Valeria
Masi, Letizia
Gerovska, Daniela
Araúzo-Bravo, Marcos Jesus
Gasbarrini, Antonio
Regenberg, Birgitte
Scaldaferri, Franco
author_facet Di Vincenzo, Federica
Yadid, Ylenia
Petito, Valentina
Emoli, Valeria
Masi, Letizia
Gerovska, Daniela
Araúzo-Bravo, Marcos Jesus
Gasbarrini, Antonio
Regenberg, Birgitte
Scaldaferri, Franco
author_sort Di Vincenzo, Federica
collection PubMed
description Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) are chronic multifactorial disorders which affect the gastrointestinal tract with variable extent. Despite extensive research, their etiology and exact pathogenesis are still unknown. Cell-free DNAs (cfDNAs) are defined as any DNA fragments which are free from the origin cell and able to circulate into the bloodstream with or without microvescicles. CfDNAs are now being increasingly studied in different human diseases, like cancer or inflammatory diseases. However, to date it is unclear how IBD etiology is linked to cfDNAs in plasma. Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) are non-plasmidic, nuclear, circular and closed DNA molecules found in all eukaryotes tested. CfDNAs appear to play an important role in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory processes, and cancer; recently, interest has also grown in IBD, and their role in the pathogenesis of IBD has been suggested. We now suggest that eccDNAs also play a role in IBD. In this review, we have comprehensively collected available knowledge in literature regarding cfDNA, eccDNA, and structures involving them such as neutrophil extracellular traps and exosomes, and their role in IBD. Finally, we focused on old and novel potential molecular therapies and drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, for IBD treatment.
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spelling pubmed-104175612023-08-12 Circular and Circulating DNA in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Pathogenesis to Potential Molecular Therapies Di Vincenzo, Federica Yadid, Ylenia Petito, Valentina Emoli, Valeria Masi, Letizia Gerovska, Daniela Araúzo-Bravo, Marcos Jesus Gasbarrini, Antonio Regenberg, Birgitte Scaldaferri, Franco Cells Review Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) are chronic multifactorial disorders which affect the gastrointestinal tract with variable extent. Despite extensive research, their etiology and exact pathogenesis are still unknown. Cell-free DNAs (cfDNAs) are defined as any DNA fragments which are free from the origin cell and able to circulate into the bloodstream with or without microvescicles. CfDNAs are now being increasingly studied in different human diseases, like cancer or inflammatory diseases. However, to date it is unclear how IBD etiology is linked to cfDNAs in plasma. Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) are non-plasmidic, nuclear, circular and closed DNA molecules found in all eukaryotes tested. CfDNAs appear to play an important role in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory processes, and cancer; recently, interest has also grown in IBD, and their role in the pathogenesis of IBD has been suggested. We now suggest that eccDNAs also play a role in IBD. In this review, we have comprehensively collected available knowledge in literature regarding cfDNA, eccDNA, and structures involving them such as neutrophil extracellular traps and exosomes, and their role in IBD. Finally, we focused on old and novel potential molecular therapies and drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, for IBD treatment. MDPI 2023-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10417561/ /pubmed/37566032 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12151953 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Di Vincenzo, Federica
Yadid, Ylenia
Petito, Valentina
Emoli, Valeria
Masi, Letizia
Gerovska, Daniela
Araúzo-Bravo, Marcos Jesus
Gasbarrini, Antonio
Regenberg, Birgitte
Scaldaferri, Franco
Circular and Circulating DNA in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Pathogenesis to Potential Molecular Therapies
title Circular and Circulating DNA in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Pathogenesis to Potential Molecular Therapies
title_full Circular and Circulating DNA in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Pathogenesis to Potential Molecular Therapies
title_fullStr Circular and Circulating DNA in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Pathogenesis to Potential Molecular Therapies
title_full_unstemmed Circular and Circulating DNA in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Pathogenesis to Potential Molecular Therapies
title_short Circular and Circulating DNA in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Pathogenesis to Potential Molecular Therapies
title_sort circular and circulating dna in inflammatory bowel disease: from pathogenesis to potential molecular therapies
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10417561/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37566032
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12151953
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