Scaling up integrated care for HIV and other chronic conditions in routine health care settings in sub-Saharan Africa: Field notes from Uganda

INTRODUCTION: Integration of HIV and non-communicable disease (NCD) services is proposed to increase efficiency and coverage of NCD care in sub-Saharan Africa. DESCRIPTION: Between October 2018 to January 2020 in Tanzania and Uganda, working in partnership with health services, we introduced an integrated chronic care model for people with HIV, diabetes and hypertension. In this model, patients were able to access care from a single point of care, as opposed to the standard of siloed care from vertical clinics. When the study ended, routine clinical services adopted the integrated model. In this article, we discuss how the model transitioned post hand-over in Uganda and draw lessons to inform future scale-up. DISCUSSION: The findings suggest potential for successful uptake of integrated chronic care by routine clinical services in sub-Saharan Africa. This approach may appeal to health care service providers and policy makers when they can quantify benefits that accrue from it, such as optimal utilization of health resources. For patients, integrated care may not appeal to all patients due to HIV-related stigma. Key considerations include good communication with patients, strong leadership, maintaining patient confidentiality and incorporating patient needs to facilitate successful uptake. CONCLUSION: Evidence on the benefits of integrated care remains limited. More robust evidence will be essential to guide scale-up beyond research sites.