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Comparative Evaluation of the Clinical Severity of COVID-19 of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in Southeastern Romania in the First 6 Months of 2022, during the Omicron Wave

(1) Background: The pandemic wave produced by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron was characterized by milder clinical forms and high contagiousness. The vaccination rate against COVID-19 in Romania was approximately 42%. (2) Objectives: Comparison of the clinical severity in vaccinated patients compared to unvaccin...

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Autores principales: Manole, Corina, Baroiu, Liliana, Nechita, Aurel, Voinescu, Doina Carina, Ciubara, Anamaria, Debita, Mihaela, Tatu, Alin Laurențiu, Ciubara, Alexandru Bogdan, Stefanopol, Ioana Anca, Anghel, Lucreția, Nechifor, Alexandru, Firescu, Dorel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10418776/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37570424
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11152184
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author Manole, Corina
Baroiu, Liliana
Nechita, Aurel
Voinescu, Doina Carina
Ciubara, Anamaria
Debita, Mihaela
Tatu, Alin Laurențiu
Ciubara, Alexandru Bogdan
Stefanopol, Ioana Anca
Anghel, Lucreția
Nechifor, Alexandru
Firescu, Dorel
author_facet Manole, Corina
Baroiu, Liliana
Nechita, Aurel
Voinescu, Doina Carina
Ciubara, Anamaria
Debita, Mihaela
Tatu, Alin Laurențiu
Ciubara, Alexandru Bogdan
Stefanopol, Ioana Anca
Anghel, Lucreția
Nechifor, Alexandru
Firescu, Dorel
author_sort Manole, Corina
collection PubMed
description (1) Background: The pandemic wave produced by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron was characterized by milder clinical forms and high contagiousness. The vaccination rate against COVID-19 in Romania was approximately 42%. (2) Objectives: Comparison of the clinical severity in vaccinated patients compared to unvaccinated ones. (3) Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on a group of 699 adult patients confirmed with COVID-19 who presented in the “Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva” Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital of Galati, Romania, between 1 January 2022 and 30 June 2022. The study compared the need for hospitalization, reinfections, demographic and comorbidity data, clinical and paraclinical parameters from the initial evaluation, and the ratio of unfavorable developments on subgroups chosen according to the vaccination status. (4) Results and Conclusions: Our study reveals that unvaccinated patients required hospitalization in 54.68% of cases, while fully vaccinated patients had a hospitalization rate of 40.72%, which was significantly lower than that of the unvaccinated group (p = 0.01); patients who received a booster dose had a hospitalization rate of 27.84% (p < 0.01, significantly lower than unvaccinated individuals; p = 0.01, significantly lower than fully vaccinated individuals); and among the four patients who received four doses, none required hospitalization. From the analysis of the two subgroups of hospitalized patients, we observed a significantly higher prevalence of radiological lesions, such as pulmonary opacities in the group of unvaccinated patients and a higher average duration of hospitalization, and serum values of D-dimers and blood-sugar at admission were significantly higher in unvaccinated patients. The higher presence of these parameters, which are indicators of severe progression in clinical studies, in the group of unvaccinated patients suggests the need to include them in the initial evaluation of the unvaccinated patients with COVID-19.The cumulative share of deaths and transfers in the ICU was higher in the group of unvaccinated patients, but the difference between the groups had no statistical significance. This study draws attention to the possibility of severe clinical forms among both vaccinated and unvaccinated populations, especially in the elderly and in patients with multiple comorbidities.
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spelling pubmed-104187762023-08-12 Comparative Evaluation of the Clinical Severity of COVID-19 of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in Southeastern Romania in the First 6 Months of 2022, during the Omicron Wave Manole, Corina Baroiu, Liliana Nechita, Aurel Voinescu, Doina Carina Ciubara, Anamaria Debita, Mihaela Tatu, Alin Laurențiu Ciubara, Alexandru Bogdan Stefanopol, Ioana Anca Anghel, Lucreția Nechifor, Alexandru Firescu, Dorel Healthcare (Basel) Article (1) Background: The pandemic wave produced by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron was characterized by milder clinical forms and high contagiousness. The vaccination rate against COVID-19 in Romania was approximately 42%. (2) Objectives: Comparison of the clinical severity in vaccinated patients compared to unvaccinated ones. (3) Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on a group of 699 adult patients confirmed with COVID-19 who presented in the “Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva” Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital of Galati, Romania, between 1 January 2022 and 30 June 2022. The study compared the need for hospitalization, reinfections, demographic and comorbidity data, clinical and paraclinical parameters from the initial evaluation, and the ratio of unfavorable developments on subgroups chosen according to the vaccination status. (4) Results and Conclusions: Our study reveals that unvaccinated patients required hospitalization in 54.68% of cases, while fully vaccinated patients had a hospitalization rate of 40.72%, which was significantly lower than that of the unvaccinated group (p = 0.01); patients who received a booster dose had a hospitalization rate of 27.84% (p < 0.01, significantly lower than unvaccinated individuals; p = 0.01, significantly lower than fully vaccinated individuals); and among the four patients who received four doses, none required hospitalization. From the analysis of the two subgroups of hospitalized patients, we observed a significantly higher prevalence of radiological lesions, such as pulmonary opacities in the group of unvaccinated patients and a higher average duration of hospitalization, and serum values of D-dimers and blood-sugar at admission were significantly higher in unvaccinated patients. The higher presence of these parameters, which are indicators of severe progression in clinical studies, in the group of unvaccinated patients suggests the need to include them in the initial evaluation of the unvaccinated patients with COVID-19.The cumulative share of deaths and transfers in the ICU was higher in the group of unvaccinated patients, but the difference between the groups had no statistical significance. This study draws attention to the possibility of severe clinical forms among both vaccinated and unvaccinated populations, especially in the elderly and in patients with multiple comorbidities. MDPI 2023-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10418776/ /pubmed/37570424 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11152184 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Manole, Corina
Baroiu, Liliana
Nechita, Aurel
Voinescu, Doina Carina
Ciubara, Anamaria
Debita, Mihaela
Tatu, Alin Laurențiu
Ciubara, Alexandru Bogdan
Stefanopol, Ioana Anca
Anghel, Lucreția
Nechifor, Alexandru
Firescu, Dorel
Comparative Evaluation of the Clinical Severity of COVID-19 of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in Southeastern Romania in the First 6 Months of 2022, during the Omicron Wave
title Comparative Evaluation of the Clinical Severity of COVID-19 of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in Southeastern Romania in the First 6 Months of 2022, during the Omicron Wave
title_full Comparative Evaluation of the Clinical Severity of COVID-19 of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in Southeastern Romania in the First 6 Months of 2022, during the Omicron Wave
title_fullStr Comparative Evaluation of the Clinical Severity of COVID-19 of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in Southeastern Romania in the First 6 Months of 2022, during the Omicron Wave
title_full_unstemmed Comparative Evaluation of the Clinical Severity of COVID-19 of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in Southeastern Romania in the First 6 Months of 2022, during the Omicron Wave
title_short Comparative Evaluation of the Clinical Severity of COVID-19 of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients in Southeastern Romania in the First 6 Months of 2022, during the Omicron Wave
title_sort comparative evaluation of the clinical severity of covid-19 of vaccinated and unvaccinated patients in southeastern romania in the first 6 months of 2022, during the omicron wave
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10418776/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37570424
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11152184
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