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Distinct Clades of Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulatory B’/B56 Subunits Engage in Different Physiological Processes

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a strongly conserved and major protein phosphatase in all eukaryotes. The canonical PP2A complex consists of a catalytic (C), scaffolding (A), and regulatory (B) subunit. Plants have three groups of evolutionary distinct B subunits: B55, B’ (B56), and B’’. Here, the...

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Autores principales: Heidari, Behzad, Nemie-Feyissa, Dugassa, Lillo, Cathrine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10418862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37569631
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512255
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author Heidari, Behzad
Nemie-Feyissa, Dugassa
Lillo, Cathrine
author_facet Heidari, Behzad
Nemie-Feyissa, Dugassa
Lillo, Cathrine
author_sort Heidari, Behzad
collection PubMed
description Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a strongly conserved and major protein phosphatase in all eukaryotes. The canonical PP2A complex consists of a catalytic (C), scaffolding (A), and regulatory (B) subunit. Plants have three groups of evolutionary distinct B subunits: B55, B’ (B56), and B’’. Here, the Arabidopsis B’ group is reviewed and compared with other eukaryotes. Members of the B’α/B’β clade are especially important for chromatid cohesion, and dephosphorylation of transcription factors that mediate brassinosteroid (BR) signaling in the nucleus. Other B’ subunits interact with proteins at the cell membrane to dampen BR signaling or harness immune responses. The transition from vegetative to reproductive phase is influenced differentially by distinct B’ subunits; B’α and B’β being of little importance, whereas others (B’γ, B’ζ, B’η, B’θ, B’κ) promote transition to flowering. Interestingly, the latter B’ subunits have three motifs in a conserved manner, i.e., two docking sites for protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), and a POLO consensus phosphorylation site between these motifs. This supports the view that a conserved PP1-PP2A dephosphorelay is important in a variety of signaling contexts throughout eukaryotes. A profound understanding of these regulators may help in designing future crops and understand environmental issues.
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spelling pubmed-104188622023-08-12 Distinct Clades of Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulatory B’/B56 Subunits Engage in Different Physiological Processes Heidari, Behzad Nemie-Feyissa, Dugassa Lillo, Cathrine Int J Mol Sci Review Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a strongly conserved and major protein phosphatase in all eukaryotes. The canonical PP2A complex consists of a catalytic (C), scaffolding (A), and regulatory (B) subunit. Plants have three groups of evolutionary distinct B subunits: B55, B’ (B56), and B’’. Here, the Arabidopsis B’ group is reviewed and compared with other eukaryotes. Members of the B’α/B’β clade are especially important for chromatid cohesion, and dephosphorylation of transcription factors that mediate brassinosteroid (BR) signaling in the nucleus. Other B’ subunits interact with proteins at the cell membrane to dampen BR signaling or harness immune responses. The transition from vegetative to reproductive phase is influenced differentially by distinct B’ subunits; B’α and B’β being of little importance, whereas others (B’γ, B’ζ, B’η, B’θ, B’κ) promote transition to flowering. Interestingly, the latter B’ subunits have three motifs in a conserved manner, i.e., two docking sites for protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), and a POLO consensus phosphorylation site between these motifs. This supports the view that a conserved PP1-PP2A dephosphorelay is important in a variety of signaling contexts throughout eukaryotes. A profound understanding of these regulators may help in designing future crops and understand environmental issues. MDPI 2023-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10418862/ /pubmed/37569631 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512255 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Heidari, Behzad
Nemie-Feyissa, Dugassa
Lillo, Cathrine
Distinct Clades of Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulatory B’/B56 Subunits Engage in Different Physiological Processes
title Distinct Clades of Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulatory B’/B56 Subunits Engage in Different Physiological Processes
title_full Distinct Clades of Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulatory B’/B56 Subunits Engage in Different Physiological Processes
title_fullStr Distinct Clades of Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulatory B’/B56 Subunits Engage in Different Physiological Processes
title_full_unstemmed Distinct Clades of Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulatory B’/B56 Subunits Engage in Different Physiological Processes
title_short Distinct Clades of Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulatory B’/B56 Subunits Engage in Different Physiological Processes
title_sort distinct clades of protein phosphatase 2a regulatory b’/b56 subunits engage in different physiological processes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10418862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37569631
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512255
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