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The Impact of COVID-19 on Menstrual Cycle in Women

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has become the largest and most diverse to threaten the health of humanity since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Methods: This study involved 113 women who had suffered from COVID-19. The study was conducted as interviews with each woman during visits to a clinic prior...

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Autores principales: Błażejewski, Grzegorz, Witkoś, Joanna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10419606/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37568393
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12154991
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author Błażejewski, Grzegorz
Witkoś, Joanna
author_facet Błażejewski, Grzegorz
Witkoś, Joanna
author_sort Błażejewski, Grzegorz
collection PubMed
description Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has become the largest and most diverse to threaten the health of humanity since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Methods: This study involved 113 women who had suffered from COVID-19. The study was conducted as interviews with each woman during visits to a clinic prior to the start of their post-COVID-19 physiotherapy treatment cycle. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of changes in the women’s monthly cycles related to COVID-19, as well as to analyse correlations between dependent variables relating to changes in the monthly cycle and independent variables relating to other factors, such as age, weight, number and type of vaccinations, and time since illness. Additionally, the study assesses correlations between the monthly cycle and COVID-19 symptoms persisting after the illness (long COVID). Results: Women who reported more symptoms of COVID-19 were more likely to report changes in their menstrual cycle occurring after the SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared with women whose disease course was mild. Women who declared that COVID-19 affected their monthly cycles most often indicated increases in abdominal, lower abdominal, and joint and muscle pain, as well as in the severity of headaches during monthly bleeding. A small percentage of women indicated that their monthly cycles were longer and their regularity disrupted. Conclusions: This study shows that the more COVID-19 symptoms a woman had, the more often there were noted changes in monthly cycle. The same relationship was also found for persistent long COVID symptoms. The longer the time lapse since the COVID-19 infection, the less frequently changes in the monthly cycle were recorded.
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spelling pubmed-104196062023-08-12 The Impact of COVID-19 on Menstrual Cycle in Women Błażejewski, Grzegorz Witkoś, Joanna J Clin Med Article Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has become the largest and most diverse to threaten the health of humanity since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Methods: This study involved 113 women who had suffered from COVID-19. The study was conducted as interviews with each woman during visits to a clinic prior to the start of their post-COVID-19 physiotherapy treatment cycle. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of changes in the women’s monthly cycles related to COVID-19, as well as to analyse correlations between dependent variables relating to changes in the monthly cycle and independent variables relating to other factors, such as age, weight, number and type of vaccinations, and time since illness. Additionally, the study assesses correlations between the monthly cycle and COVID-19 symptoms persisting after the illness (long COVID). Results: Women who reported more symptoms of COVID-19 were more likely to report changes in their menstrual cycle occurring after the SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared with women whose disease course was mild. Women who declared that COVID-19 affected their monthly cycles most often indicated increases in abdominal, lower abdominal, and joint and muscle pain, as well as in the severity of headaches during monthly bleeding. A small percentage of women indicated that their monthly cycles were longer and their regularity disrupted. Conclusions: This study shows that the more COVID-19 symptoms a woman had, the more often there were noted changes in monthly cycle. The same relationship was also found for persistent long COVID symptoms. The longer the time lapse since the COVID-19 infection, the less frequently changes in the monthly cycle were recorded. MDPI 2023-07-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10419606/ /pubmed/37568393 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12154991 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Błażejewski, Grzegorz
Witkoś, Joanna
The Impact of COVID-19 on Menstrual Cycle in Women
title The Impact of COVID-19 on Menstrual Cycle in Women
title_full The Impact of COVID-19 on Menstrual Cycle in Women
title_fullStr The Impact of COVID-19 on Menstrual Cycle in Women
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of COVID-19 on Menstrual Cycle in Women
title_short The Impact of COVID-19 on Menstrual Cycle in Women
title_sort impact of covid-19 on menstrual cycle in women
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10419606/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37568393
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12154991
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