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Influence of Material Degradation on Deformation of Paraglider during Flight

The aim of this article is to determine experimentally and numerically the influence of material degradation on the deformation of a paraglider during flight. The presented method regards numerical modeling of pressure distribution over the wing and its effect on paraglider behavior; the considerati...

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Autores principales: Maślanka, Paulina, Szafrańska, Halina, Aleksieiev, Andrii, Korycki, Ryszard, Kaziur, Patrycja, Dąbrowska, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10420326/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37570100
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16155396
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author Maślanka, Paulina
Szafrańska, Halina
Aleksieiev, Andrii
Korycki, Ryszard
Kaziur, Patrycja
Dąbrowska, Anna
author_facet Maślanka, Paulina
Szafrańska, Halina
Aleksieiev, Andrii
Korycki, Ryszard
Kaziur, Patrycja
Dąbrowska, Anna
author_sort Maślanka, Paulina
collection PubMed
description The aim of this article is to determine experimentally and numerically the influence of material degradation on the deformation of a paraglider during flight. The presented method regards numerical modeling of pressure distribution over the wing and its effect on paraglider behavior; the considerations are preceded by experiments on three types of Polyamide 6.6 paraglider fabrics, subjected and not subjected to thermal, UV and flexing degradation. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) records allowed to determine the structural characteristics of the analyzed samples. Air permeability and mechanical tests are the input data for the computational simulations. When a pressure drop of 200 Pa is applied, all the analyzed samples are impermeable, except for those damaged by flexing. Thus, flexing damage has the greatest influence on the air permeability change among all considered aging factors. Aging caused by UV radiation has the greatest influence on mechanical properties. No major influence of thermal ageing on the mechanical properties of the considered samples is observed. Safety factors of the considered materials not subjected to degradation range between 3.94 and 6.00. Safety factor of fabric no. 1 subjected to the UV degradation is equal to 1.33; this result does not secure a safe usage of the considered material. The methodology described in this research can help to predict paraglider covering materials’ behavior in flight; it assumes many cases, i.e., applying a new material or the material at any point of its life cycle. Thus, the practical implications of this model supported by numerical methods may result in saving time and cost in producing prototypes, as well as potentially assessing the safety of used wings. Future research activity can introduce the application of different elastic–plastic damage models to determine the paraglider behavior during collapse.
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spelling pubmed-104203262023-08-12 Influence of Material Degradation on Deformation of Paraglider during Flight Maślanka, Paulina Szafrańska, Halina Aleksieiev, Andrii Korycki, Ryszard Kaziur, Patrycja Dąbrowska, Anna Materials (Basel) Article The aim of this article is to determine experimentally and numerically the influence of material degradation on the deformation of a paraglider during flight. The presented method regards numerical modeling of pressure distribution over the wing and its effect on paraglider behavior; the considerations are preceded by experiments on three types of Polyamide 6.6 paraglider fabrics, subjected and not subjected to thermal, UV and flexing degradation. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) records allowed to determine the structural characteristics of the analyzed samples. Air permeability and mechanical tests are the input data for the computational simulations. When a pressure drop of 200 Pa is applied, all the analyzed samples are impermeable, except for those damaged by flexing. Thus, flexing damage has the greatest influence on the air permeability change among all considered aging factors. Aging caused by UV radiation has the greatest influence on mechanical properties. No major influence of thermal ageing on the mechanical properties of the considered samples is observed. Safety factors of the considered materials not subjected to degradation range between 3.94 and 6.00. Safety factor of fabric no. 1 subjected to the UV degradation is equal to 1.33; this result does not secure a safe usage of the considered material. The methodology described in this research can help to predict paraglider covering materials’ behavior in flight; it assumes many cases, i.e., applying a new material or the material at any point of its life cycle. Thus, the practical implications of this model supported by numerical methods may result in saving time and cost in producing prototypes, as well as potentially assessing the safety of used wings. Future research activity can introduce the application of different elastic–plastic damage models to determine the paraglider behavior during collapse. MDPI 2023-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10420326/ /pubmed/37570100 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16155396 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Maślanka, Paulina
Szafrańska, Halina
Aleksieiev, Andrii
Korycki, Ryszard
Kaziur, Patrycja
Dąbrowska, Anna
Influence of Material Degradation on Deformation of Paraglider during Flight
title Influence of Material Degradation on Deformation of Paraglider during Flight
title_full Influence of Material Degradation on Deformation of Paraglider during Flight
title_fullStr Influence of Material Degradation on Deformation of Paraglider during Flight
title_full_unstemmed Influence of Material Degradation on Deformation of Paraglider during Flight
title_short Influence of Material Degradation on Deformation of Paraglider during Flight
title_sort influence of material degradation on deformation of paraglider during flight
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10420326/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37570100
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16155396
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