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Relevance of Dietary Supplement Use in Gastrointestinal-Cancer-Associated Cachexia

Cancer cachexia is a multi-organ syndrome with unintentional weight loss, sarcopenia, and systemic inflammation. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients are more susceptible to cachexia development due to impaired nutrient absorption and digestion. Given the widespread availability and relatively low...

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Autores principales: Yoon, Saunjoo L., Grundmann, Oliver
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10421404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37571328
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15153391
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author Yoon, Saunjoo L.
Grundmann, Oliver
author_facet Yoon, Saunjoo L.
Grundmann, Oliver
author_sort Yoon, Saunjoo L.
collection PubMed
description Cancer cachexia is a multi-organ syndrome with unintentional weight loss, sarcopenia, and systemic inflammation. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients are more susceptible to cachexia development due to impaired nutrient absorption and digestion. Given the widespread availability and relatively low cost of dietary supplements, we examined the evidence and effects of fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids), melatonin, probiotics, and green tea for managing symptoms of GI cancer cachexia. A literature review of four specific supplements was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and CINAHL without a date restriction. Of 4621 available literature references, 26 articles were eligible for review. Fish oil decreased C-reactive protein and maintained CD4+ cell count, while melatonin indicated inconsistent findings on managing cachexia, but was well-tolerated. Probiotics decreased serum pro-inflammatory biomarkers and increased the tolerability of chemotherapy by reducing side effects. Green tea preparations and extracts showed a decreased risk of developing various cancers and did not impact tumor growth, survival, or adverse effects. Among these four supplements, probiotics are most promising for further research in preventing systemic inflammation and maintaining adequate absorption of nutrients to prevent the progression of cancer cachexia. Supplements may benefit treatment outcomes in cancer cachexia without side effects while supporting nutritional and therapeutic needs.
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spelling pubmed-104214042023-08-12 Relevance of Dietary Supplement Use in Gastrointestinal-Cancer-Associated Cachexia Yoon, Saunjoo L. Grundmann, Oliver Nutrients Review Cancer cachexia is a multi-organ syndrome with unintentional weight loss, sarcopenia, and systemic inflammation. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients are more susceptible to cachexia development due to impaired nutrient absorption and digestion. Given the widespread availability and relatively low cost of dietary supplements, we examined the evidence and effects of fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids), melatonin, probiotics, and green tea for managing symptoms of GI cancer cachexia. A literature review of four specific supplements was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and CINAHL without a date restriction. Of 4621 available literature references, 26 articles were eligible for review. Fish oil decreased C-reactive protein and maintained CD4+ cell count, while melatonin indicated inconsistent findings on managing cachexia, but was well-tolerated. Probiotics decreased serum pro-inflammatory biomarkers and increased the tolerability of chemotherapy by reducing side effects. Green tea preparations and extracts showed a decreased risk of developing various cancers and did not impact tumor growth, survival, or adverse effects. Among these four supplements, probiotics are most promising for further research in preventing systemic inflammation and maintaining adequate absorption of nutrients to prevent the progression of cancer cachexia. Supplements may benefit treatment outcomes in cancer cachexia without side effects while supporting nutritional and therapeutic needs. MDPI 2023-07-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10421404/ /pubmed/37571328 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15153391 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Yoon, Saunjoo L.
Grundmann, Oliver
Relevance of Dietary Supplement Use in Gastrointestinal-Cancer-Associated Cachexia
title Relevance of Dietary Supplement Use in Gastrointestinal-Cancer-Associated Cachexia
title_full Relevance of Dietary Supplement Use in Gastrointestinal-Cancer-Associated Cachexia
title_fullStr Relevance of Dietary Supplement Use in Gastrointestinal-Cancer-Associated Cachexia
title_full_unstemmed Relevance of Dietary Supplement Use in Gastrointestinal-Cancer-Associated Cachexia
title_short Relevance of Dietary Supplement Use in Gastrointestinal-Cancer-Associated Cachexia
title_sort relevance of dietary supplement use in gastrointestinal-cancer-associated cachexia
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10421404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37571328
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15153391
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