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Clostridioides difficile infection in thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021

We encountered 34 Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI) cases among Thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021. Among them, 79.4% (27/34) either died or were euthanised. The risk factors associated with CDI and mortality among Japanese Thoroughbred horses remain unclear. We use...

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Autores principales: Uchida-Fujii, Eri, Niwa, Hidekazu, Senoh, Mitsutoshi, Kato, Haru, Kinoshita, Yuta, Mita, Hiroshi, Ueno, Takanori
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10421859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37567893
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40157-x
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author Uchida-Fujii, Eri
Niwa, Hidekazu
Senoh, Mitsutoshi
Kato, Haru
Kinoshita, Yuta
Mita, Hiroshi
Ueno, Takanori
author_facet Uchida-Fujii, Eri
Niwa, Hidekazu
Senoh, Mitsutoshi
Kato, Haru
Kinoshita, Yuta
Mita, Hiroshi
Ueno, Takanori
author_sort Uchida-Fujii, Eri
collection PubMed
description We encountered 34 Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI) cases among Thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021. Among them, 79.4% (27/34) either died or were euthanised. The risk factors associated with CDI and mortality among Japanese Thoroughbred horses remain unclear. We used genetic methods to examine C. difficile strains and their relationships with prognosis. Twenty-two (64.7%) cases were hospitalised at the onset of colitis. Outcomes were balanced for hospitalisation rates at the onset of colitis. The mortality rates of cases treated with metronidazole (65.0%) were significantly lower than untreated cases (100%). The predominant genotype of C. difficile isolate was polymerase chain reaction ribotype (RT) 078, isolated from 12 cases (35.3%), followed by RT014 (six cases, 17.6%). Binary toxin (C. difficile transferase [CDT])-positive strains, including all RT078 strains, were isolated from 16 horses. Mortality rates in RT078 strain (75.0%) or CDT-positive strain (83.3%) cases were comparable to that in cases of other types. Sufficient infection control is needed to prevent CDI in Thoroughbred horses. A timely and prompt CDI diagnosis leading to metronidazole treatment would improve CDI outcomes.
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spelling pubmed-104218592023-08-13 Clostridioides difficile infection in thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021 Uchida-Fujii, Eri Niwa, Hidekazu Senoh, Mitsutoshi Kato, Haru Kinoshita, Yuta Mita, Hiroshi Ueno, Takanori Sci Rep Article We encountered 34 Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI) cases among Thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021. Among them, 79.4% (27/34) either died or were euthanised. The risk factors associated with CDI and mortality among Japanese Thoroughbred horses remain unclear. We used genetic methods to examine C. difficile strains and their relationships with prognosis. Twenty-two (64.7%) cases were hospitalised at the onset of colitis. Outcomes were balanced for hospitalisation rates at the onset of colitis. The mortality rates of cases treated with metronidazole (65.0%) were significantly lower than untreated cases (100%). The predominant genotype of C. difficile isolate was polymerase chain reaction ribotype (RT) 078, isolated from 12 cases (35.3%), followed by RT014 (six cases, 17.6%). Binary toxin (C. difficile transferase [CDT])-positive strains, including all RT078 strains, were isolated from 16 horses. Mortality rates in RT078 strain (75.0%) or CDT-positive strain (83.3%) cases were comparable to that in cases of other types. Sufficient infection control is needed to prevent CDI in Thoroughbred horses. A timely and prompt CDI diagnosis leading to metronidazole treatment would improve CDI outcomes. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10421859/ /pubmed/37567893 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40157-x Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Uchida-Fujii, Eri
Niwa, Hidekazu
Senoh, Mitsutoshi
Kato, Haru
Kinoshita, Yuta
Mita, Hiroshi
Ueno, Takanori
Clostridioides difficile infection in thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021
title Clostridioides difficile infection in thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021
title_full Clostridioides difficile infection in thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021
title_fullStr Clostridioides difficile infection in thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021
title_full_unstemmed Clostridioides difficile infection in thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021
title_short Clostridioides difficile infection in thoroughbred horses in Japan from 2010 to 2021
title_sort clostridioides difficile infection in thoroughbred horses in japan from 2010 to 2021
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10421859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37567893
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40157-x
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