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Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Outcome and Competing Risks: Application to HIV/AIDS Data
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are major public health challenges globally, and the number of TB infections and death caused by HIV are high because of HIV/ TB co-infection. On the other hand, CD4 count plays a significant role in TB/HIV co-infections. We used a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422140/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37571942 http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.106 |
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author | Najafi Ghobadi, Khadijeh Mahjub, Hossein Poorolajal, Jalal Shakiba, Ebrahim Khassi, Kaivan Roshanaei, Ghodratollah |
author_facet | Najafi Ghobadi, Khadijeh Mahjub, Hossein Poorolajal, Jalal Shakiba, Ebrahim Khassi, Kaivan Roshanaei, Ghodratollah |
author_sort | Najafi Ghobadi, Khadijeh |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are major public health challenges globally, and the number of TB infections and death caused by HIV are high because of HIV/ TB co-infection. On the other hand, CD4 count plays a significant role in TB/HIV co-infections. We used a joint model of longitudinal outcomes and competing risks to identify the potential risk factors and the effect of CD4 cells on TB infection and death caused by HIV in HIV-infected patients. Study Design: This was a retrospective cohort study. Methods: The current study was performed on 1436 HIV+patients referred to Behavioral Diseases Counseling Centers in Kermanshah Province during 1998-2019. In this study, joint modeling was used to identify the effect of potential risk factors and CD4 cells on TB and death caused by HIV. Results: The results demonstrated that the decreasing CD4 cell count was significantly associated with an increased risk of death, while it had no significant relation with the risk of TB. In addition, patients with TB were at a higher risk of death. Based on the results, a significant relationship was found between CD4 count and sex, marital status, education level, antiretroviral therapy (ART), time, and the interaction between time and ART. Further, people infected with HIV through sexual relationships were at higher risk of TB, while those with a history of imprisonment who received ART or were infected with HIV through drug injection had a lower risk of TB. Conclusion: The findings revealed that the decreasing CD4 count had a significant association with an increased risk of death caused by HIV. However, it was not significantly related to the risk of TB. Finally, patients with TB were at higher risk of death caused by HIV. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10422140 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Hamadan University of Medical Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104221402023-08-13 Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Outcome and Competing Risks: Application to HIV/AIDS Data Najafi Ghobadi, Khadijeh Mahjub, Hossein Poorolajal, Jalal Shakiba, Ebrahim Khassi, Kaivan Roshanaei, Ghodratollah J Res Health Sci Original Article Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are major public health challenges globally, and the number of TB infections and death caused by HIV are high because of HIV/ TB co-infection. On the other hand, CD4 count plays a significant role in TB/HIV co-infections. We used a joint model of longitudinal outcomes and competing risks to identify the potential risk factors and the effect of CD4 cells on TB infection and death caused by HIV in HIV-infected patients. Study Design: This was a retrospective cohort study. Methods: The current study was performed on 1436 HIV+patients referred to Behavioral Diseases Counseling Centers in Kermanshah Province during 1998-2019. In this study, joint modeling was used to identify the effect of potential risk factors and CD4 cells on TB and death caused by HIV. Results: The results demonstrated that the decreasing CD4 cell count was significantly associated with an increased risk of death, while it had no significant relation with the risk of TB. In addition, patients with TB were at a higher risk of death. Based on the results, a significant relationship was found between CD4 count and sex, marital status, education level, antiretroviral therapy (ART), time, and the interaction between time and ART. Further, people infected with HIV through sexual relationships were at higher risk of TB, while those with a history of imprisonment who received ART or were infected with HIV through drug injection had a lower risk of TB. Conclusion: The findings revealed that the decreasing CD4 count had a significant association with an increased risk of death caused by HIV. However, it was not significantly related to the risk of TB. Finally, patients with TB were at higher risk of death caused by HIV. Hamadan University of Medical Sciences 2023-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10422140/ /pubmed/37571942 http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.106 Text en © 2023 The Author(s); Published by Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Najafi Ghobadi, Khadijeh Mahjub, Hossein Poorolajal, Jalal Shakiba, Ebrahim Khassi, Kaivan Roshanaei, Ghodratollah Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Outcome and Competing Risks: Application to HIV/AIDS Data |
title | Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Outcome and Competing Risks: Application to HIV/AIDS Data |
title_full | Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Outcome and Competing Risks: Application to HIV/AIDS Data |
title_fullStr | Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Outcome and Competing Risks: Application to HIV/AIDS Data |
title_full_unstemmed | Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Outcome and Competing Risks: Application to HIV/AIDS Data |
title_short | Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Outcome and Competing Risks: Application to HIV/AIDS Data |
title_sort | joint modeling of longitudinal outcome and competing risks: application to hiv/aids data |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422140/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37571942 http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jrhs.2023.106 |
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