A Hybrid Power-Rate Management Strategy in Distributed Congestion Control for 5G-NR-V2X Sidelink Communications

The accelerated growth of 5G technology has facilitated substantial progress in the realm of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. Consequently, achieving optimal network performance and addressing congestion-related challenges have become paramount. This research proposes a unique hybrid power and rate control management strategy for distributed congestion control (HPR-DCC) focusing on 5G-NR-V2X sidelink communications. The primary objective of this strategy is to enhance network performance while simultaneously preventing congestion. By implementing the HPR-DCC strategy, a more fine-grained and adaptive control over the transmit power and transmission rate can be achieved. This enables efficient control by dynamically adjusting transmission parameters based on the network conditions. This study outlines the system model and methodology used to develop the HPR-DCC algorithm and investigates its characteristics of stability and convergence. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method effectively controls the maximum CBR value at 64% during high congestion scenarios, which leads to a 6% performance improvement over the conventional DCC approach. Furthermore, this approach enhances the signal reception range by 20 m, while maintaining the 90% packet reception ratio (PRR). The proposed HPR-DCC contributes to optimizing the quality and reliability of 5G-NR-V2X sidelink communication and holds great promise for advancing V2X applications in intelligent transportation systems.