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Type distribution of human papillomaviruses in ThinPrep cytology samples and HPV16/18 E6 gene variations in FFPE cervical cancer specimens in Fars province, Iran
BACKGROUND: There exists strong evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with cervical cancer (CC). HPV E6 is a major oncogene whose sequence variations may be associated with the development of CC. There is not sufficient data on the distribution of HPV types in ThinPrep cytology spec...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422805/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37568237 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12935-023-03011-8 |
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author | Farhadi, Ali Abuei, Haniyeh Okhovat, Mohammad Ali Geramizadeh, Bita Behzad-Behbahani, Abbas Chong, Pei Pei Nikouyan, Negin Namdari, Sepide |
author_facet | Farhadi, Ali Abuei, Haniyeh Okhovat, Mohammad Ali Geramizadeh, Bita Behzad-Behbahani, Abbas Chong, Pei Pei Nikouyan, Negin Namdari, Sepide |
author_sort | Farhadi, Ali |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: There exists strong evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with cervical cancer (CC). HPV E6 is a major oncogene whose sequence variations may be associated with the development of CC. There is not sufficient data on the distribution of HPV types in ThinPrep cytology specimens and HPV 16/18 E6 gene variations among CC patients in the southwest of Iran. This study was conducted to contribute to HPV screening and vaccination in Iran. METHODS: A total of 648 women screened for cervicitis, intraepithelial neoplasia or CC were included in the study. All participants underwent ThinPrep cytology testing, single-step HPV DNA detection and allele-specific reverse hybridization assays. Moreover, a total of 96 specimens previously tested positive for single infection with HPV16 or 18 were included for variant analysis. HPV16/18 lineages and sublineages were determined by PCR assays followed by sequencing the E6 gene and the construction of neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees. RESULTS: Overall, HPV DNA was detected in 62.19% of all the screened subjects. The detection rates of HPV DNA among individuals with normal, ASC-US, ASC-H, LSIL, and HSIL cervical cytology were 48.9%, 93.6%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Low-risk HPVs were detected more frequently (46.9%) than high-risk (38.9%) and possible high-risk types (11.1%). Of 403 HPV-positive subjects, 172 (42.7%) had single HPV infections while the remaining 231 (57.3%) were infected with multiple types of HPV. Our results indicated a remarkable growth of high-risk HPV66 and 68 and low-risk HPV81 which have rarely been reported in Iran and HPV90 and 87 that are reported for the first time in the country. In addition, 3 lineages (A, D, and C) and 6 sublineages (A1, A2, A4, C1, D1, and D2) of HPV16, and one lineage and 4 sublineages (A1, A3, A4, and A5) of HPV18 were identified. The studied HPV16 and 18 variants mainly belonged to the D1 and A4 sublineages, respectively. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that the prevalence of HPV infection in women of all age groups with or without premalignant lesions in the southwestern Iran is high and the predominant HPV types in the southwest of Iran may differ from those detected in other parts of the country. This study also highlights the necessity of not only initiating HPV vaccination for the general population but also developing new vaccines that confer immunity against the prevalent HPV types in the area and national cervical screening programs using a combination of thinPrep cytology test and HPV detection assays in order to improve the accuracy of the screening. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-023-03011-8. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10422805 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104228052023-08-13 Type distribution of human papillomaviruses in ThinPrep cytology samples and HPV16/18 E6 gene variations in FFPE cervical cancer specimens in Fars province, Iran Farhadi, Ali Abuei, Haniyeh Okhovat, Mohammad Ali Geramizadeh, Bita Behzad-Behbahani, Abbas Chong, Pei Pei Nikouyan, Negin Namdari, Sepide Cancer Cell Int Research BACKGROUND: There exists strong evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with cervical cancer (CC). HPV E6 is a major oncogene whose sequence variations may be associated with the development of CC. There is not sufficient data on the distribution of HPV types in ThinPrep cytology specimens and HPV 16/18 E6 gene variations among CC patients in the southwest of Iran. This study was conducted to contribute to HPV screening and vaccination in Iran. METHODS: A total of 648 women screened for cervicitis, intraepithelial neoplasia or CC were included in the study. All participants underwent ThinPrep cytology testing, single-step HPV DNA detection and allele-specific reverse hybridization assays. Moreover, a total of 96 specimens previously tested positive for single infection with HPV16 or 18 were included for variant analysis. HPV16/18 lineages and sublineages were determined by PCR assays followed by sequencing the E6 gene and the construction of neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees. RESULTS: Overall, HPV DNA was detected in 62.19% of all the screened subjects. The detection rates of HPV DNA among individuals with normal, ASC-US, ASC-H, LSIL, and HSIL cervical cytology were 48.9%, 93.6%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Low-risk HPVs were detected more frequently (46.9%) than high-risk (38.9%) and possible high-risk types (11.1%). Of 403 HPV-positive subjects, 172 (42.7%) had single HPV infections while the remaining 231 (57.3%) were infected with multiple types of HPV. Our results indicated a remarkable growth of high-risk HPV66 and 68 and low-risk HPV81 which have rarely been reported in Iran and HPV90 and 87 that are reported for the first time in the country. In addition, 3 lineages (A, D, and C) and 6 sublineages (A1, A2, A4, C1, D1, and D2) of HPV16, and one lineage and 4 sublineages (A1, A3, A4, and A5) of HPV18 were identified. The studied HPV16 and 18 variants mainly belonged to the D1 and A4 sublineages, respectively. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that the prevalence of HPV infection in women of all age groups with or without premalignant lesions in the southwestern Iran is high and the predominant HPV types in the southwest of Iran may differ from those detected in other parts of the country. This study also highlights the necessity of not only initiating HPV vaccination for the general population but also developing new vaccines that confer immunity against the prevalent HPV types in the area and national cervical screening programs using a combination of thinPrep cytology test and HPV detection assays in order to improve the accuracy of the screening. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-023-03011-8. BioMed Central 2023-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10422805/ /pubmed/37568237 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12935-023-03011-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Farhadi, Ali Abuei, Haniyeh Okhovat, Mohammad Ali Geramizadeh, Bita Behzad-Behbahani, Abbas Chong, Pei Pei Nikouyan, Negin Namdari, Sepide Type distribution of human papillomaviruses in ThinPrep cytology samples and HPV16/18 E6 gene variations in FFPE cervical cancer specimens in Fars province, Iran |
title | Type distribution of human papillomaviruses in ThinPrep cytology samples and HPV16/18 E6 gene variations in FFPE cervical cancer specimens in Fars province, Iran |
title_full | Type distribution of human papillomaviruses in ThinPrep cytology samples and HPV16/18 E6 gene variations in FFPE cervical cancer specimens in Fars province, Iran |
title_fullStr | Type distribution of human papillomaviruses in ThinPrep cytology samples and HPV16/18 E6 gene variations in FFPE cervical cancer specimens in Fars province, Iran |
title_full_unstemmed | Type distribution of human papillomaviruses in ThinPrep cytology samples and HPV16/18 E6 gene variations in FFPE cervical cancer specimens in Fars province, Iran |
title_short | Type distribution of human papillomaviruses in ThinPrep cytology samples and HPV16/18 E6 gene variations in FFPE cervical cancer specimens in Fars province, Iran |
title_sort | type distribution of human papillomaviruses in thinprep cytology samples and hpv16/18 e6 gene variations in ffpe cervical cancer specimens in fars province, iran |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10422805/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37568237 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12935-023-03011-8 |
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