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The Phantom Menace: latest findings on effector biology in the rice blast fungus
Magnaporthe oryzae is a hemibiotrophic fungus responsible for the economically devastating and recalcitrant rice blast disease. However, the blast fungus is not only restricted to rice plants as it can also infect wheat, millet, and other crops. Despite previous outstanding discoveries aimed to unde...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer Nature Singapore
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10423181/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37581025 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42994-023-00099-4 |
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author | Fernandez, Jessie |
author_facet | Fernandez, Jessie |
author_sort | Fernandez, Jessie |
collection | PubMed |
description | Magnaporthe oryzae is a hemibiotrophic fungus responsible for the economically devastating and recalcitrant rice blast disease. However, the blast fungus is not only restricted to rice plants as it can also infect wheat, millet, and other crops. Despite previous outstanding discoveries aimed to understand and control the disease, the fungus remains one of the most important pathogens that threatens global food security. To cause disease, M. oryzae initiates morphological changes to attach, penetrate, and colonize rice cells, all while suppressing plant immune defenses that would otherwise hinder its proliferation. As such, M. oryzae actively secretes a battery of small proteins called “effectors” to manipulate host machinery. In this review, we summarize the latest findings in effector identification, expression, regulation, and functionality. We review the most studied effectors and their roles in pathogenesis. Additionally, we discern the current methodologies to structurally catalog effectors, and we highlight the importance of climate change and its impact on the future of rice blast disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10423181 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Springer Nature Singapore |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104231812023-08-14 The Phantom Menace: latest findings on effector biology in the rice blast fungus Fernandez, Jessie aBIOTECH Review Magnaporthe oryzae is a hemibiotrophic fungus responsible for the economically devastating and recalcitrant rice blast disease. However, the blast fungus is not only restricted to rice plants as it can also infect wheat, millet, and other crops. Despite previous outstanding discoveries aimed to understand and control the disease, the fungus remains one of the most important pathogens that threatens global food security. To cause disease, M. oryzae initiates morphological changes to attach, penetrate, and colonize rice cells, all while suppressing plant immune defenses that would otherwise hinder its proliferation. As such, M. oryzae actively secretes a battery of small proteins called “effectors” to manipulate host machinery. In this review, we summarize the latest findings in effector identification, expression, regulation, and functionality. We review the most studied effectors and their roles in pathogenesis. Additionally, we discern the current methodologies to structurally catalog effectors, and we highlight the importance of climate change and its impact on the future of rice blast disease. Springer Nature Singapore 2023-03-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10423181/ /pubmed/37581025 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42994-023-00099-4 Text en © Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Review Fernandez, Jessie The Phantom Menace: latest findings on effector biology in the rice blast fungus |
title | The Phantom Menace: latest findings on effector biology in the rice blast fungus |
title_full | The Phantom Menace: latest findings on effector biology in the rice blast fungus |
title_fullStr | The Phantom Menace: latest findings on effector biology in the rice blast fungus |
title_full_unstemmed | The Phantom Menace: latest findings on effector biology in the rice blast fungus |
title_short | The Phantom Menace: latest findings on effector biology in the rice blast fungus |
title_sort | phantom menace: latest findings on effector biology in the rice blast fungus |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10423181/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37581025 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42994-023-00099-4 |
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