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Vaginal bleeding as a rare presentation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Case report and literature review

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a relatively uncommon malignancy, comprising only 3 % of adult cancers, but it is responsible for 85 % of primary renal tumors. When RCC metastasizes, the most common sites are the lungs, liver, bones, and brain. Although it is rare, RCC can...

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Autores principales: Benlghazi, Abdelhamid, Belouad, Moad, Hallak, Mohammed, Benali, Saad, Aitbouhou, Rachid, Kouach, Jaouad
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10429265/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37579631
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108657
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author Benlghazi, Abdelhamid
Belouad, Moad
Hallak, Mohammed
Benali, Saad
Aitbouhou, Rachid
Kouach, Jaouad
author_facet Benlghazi, Abdelhamid
Belouad, Moad
Hallak, Mohammed
Benali, Saad
Aitbouhou, Rachid
Kouach, Jaouad
author_sort Benlghazi, Abdelhamid
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a relatively uncommon malignancy, comprising only 3 % of adult cancers, but it is responsible for 85 % of primary renal tumors. When RCC metastasizes, the most common sites are the lungs, liver, bones, and brain. Although it is rare, RCC can also metastasize to the vagina. About 18–33 % of RCC cases are diagnosed with metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION: A 48-year-old woman presented with postcoital bleeding and dyspareunia. At the physical examination, a polypoid mass was discovered on the right lateral wall of the upper third of her vagina and CT scan showed a right renal. Biopsies revealed clear cell renal carcinoma with metastasis to the vagina. The patient was diagnosed with stage IV (T3cN2 M1) renal cancer and underwent systemic therapy with Everolimus. However, subsequent imaging showed tumor progression, and the patient opted to halt treatment and was subsequently lost to follow-up. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: In the past decade, there have been fewer than ten reported cases of RCC metastasizing to the vagina. Diagnosing vaginal clear cell carcinoma is challenging due to overlapping morphology with clear cell renal cell carcinoma, requiring immunohistochemistry. Treatment of vaginal cancers is challenging due to their rarity, and there is a lack of consensus on the optimal approach due to limited prospective studies. CONCLUSIONS: Although the occurrence of RCC metastasis to the vagina is very uncommon, it is important to consider the possibility of metastatic RCC in cases of vaginal bleeding or lesions.
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spelling pubmed-104292652023-08-17 Vaginal bleeding as a rare presentation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Case report and literature review Benlghazi, Abdelhamid Belouad, Moad Hallak, Mohammed Benali, Saad Aitbouhou, Rachid Kouach, Jaouad Int J Surg Case Rep Case Report INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a relatively uncommon malignancy, comprising only 3 % of adult cancers, but it is responsible for 85 % of primary renal tumors. When RCC metastasizes, the most common sites are the lungs, liver, bones, and brain. Although it is rare, RCC can also metastasize to the vagina. About 18–33 % of RCC cases are diagnosed with metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION: A 48-year-old woman presented with postcoital bleeding and dyspareunia. At the physical examination, a polypoid mass was discovered on the right lateral wall of the upper third of her vagina and CT scan showed a right renal. Biopsies revealed clear cell renal carcinoma with metastasis to the vagina. The patient was diagnosed with stage IV (T3cN2 M1) renal cancer and underwent systemic therapy with Everolimus. However, subsequent imaging showed tumor progression, and the patient opted to halt treatment and was subsequently lost to follow-up. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: In the past decade, there have been fewer than ten reported cases of RCC metastasizing to the vagina. Diagnosing vaginal clear cell carcinoma is challenging due to overlapping morphology with clear cell renal cell carcinoma, requiring immunohistochemistry. Treatment of vaginal cancers is challenging due to their rarity, and there is a lack of consensus on the optimal approach due to limited prospective studies. CONCLUSIONS: Although the occurrence of RCC metastasis to the vagina is very uncommon, it is important to consider the possibility of metastatic RCC in cases of vaginal bleeding or lesions. Elsevier 2023-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10429265/ /pubmed/37579631 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108657 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IJS Publishing Group Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Benlghazi, Abdelhamid
Belouad, Moad
Hallak, Mohammed
Benali, Saad
Aitbouhou, Rachid
Kouach, Jaouad
Vaginal bleeding as a rare presentation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Case report and literature review
title Vaginal bleeding as a rare presentation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Case report and literature review
title_full Vaginal bleeding as a rare presentation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Case report and literature review
title_fullStr Vaginal bleeding as a rare presentation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Case report and literature review
title_full_unstemmed Vaginal bleeding as a rare presentation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Case report and literature review
title_short Vaginal bleeding as a rare presentation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Case report and literature review
title_sort vaginal bleeding as a rare presentation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: case report and literature review
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10429265/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37579631
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108657
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