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Proportion of Ugandans with pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses: A pilot study

The estimated mortality rate of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic varied greatly around the world. In particular, multiple countries in East, Central, and West Africa had significantly lower rates of COVID-19 related fatalities than many resource-rich nations with significantly earlier wide-spread access to l...

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Autores principales: Namuniina, Annemarie, Muyanja, Enoch S., Biribawa, Victoria M., Okech, Brenda A., Ssemaganda, Aloysious, Price, Matt A., Hills, Nancy, Nanteza, Ann, Bagaya, Bernard Ssentalo, Weiskopf, Daniela, Riou, Catherine, Reynolds, Steven J., Galiwango, Ronald M., Redd, Andrew D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10431628/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37585383
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001566
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author Namuniina, Annemarie
Muyanja, Enoch S.
Biribawa, Victoria M.
Okech, Brenda A.
Ssemaganda, Aloysious
Price, Matt A.
Hills, Nancy
Nanteza, Ann
Bagaya, Bernard Ssentalo
Weiskopf, Daniela
Riou, Catherine
Reynolds, Steven J.
Galiwango, Ronald M.
Redd, Andrew D.
author_facet Namuniina, Annemarie
Muyanja, Enoch S.
Biribawa, Victoria M.
Okech, Brenda A.
Ssemaganda, Aloysious
Price, Matt A.
Hills, Nancy
Nanteza, Ann
Bagaya, Bernard Ssentalo
Weiskopf, Daniela
Riou, Catherine
Reynolds, Steven J.
Galiwango, Ronald M.
Redd, Andrew D.
author_sort Namuniina, Annemarie
collection PubMed
description The estimated mortality rate of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic varied greatly around the world. In particular, multiple countries in East, Central, and West Africa had significantly lower rates of COVID-19 related fatalities than many resource-rich nations with significantly earlier wide-spread access to life-saving vaccines. One possible reason for this lower mortality could be the presence of pre-existing cross-reactive immunological responses in these areas of the world. To explore this hypothesis, an exploratory study of stored peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Ugandans collected from 2015–2017 prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 29) and from hospitalized Ugandan COVID-19 patients (n = 3) were examined using flow-cytometry for the presence of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations using four T-cell epitope mega pools. Of pre-pandemic participants, 89.7% (26/29) had either CD4+ or CD8+, or both, SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses. Specifically, CD4+ T-cell reactivity (72.4%) and CD8+ T-cell reactivity (65.5%) were relatively similar, and 13 participants (44.8%) had both types of cross-reactive types of T-cells present. There were no significant differences in response by sex in the population, however this may be in part due to the limited sample size examined. The rates of cross-reactive T-cell populations in this exploratory Ugandan population appears higher than previous estimates from resource-rich countries like the United States (20–50% reactivity). It is unclear what role, if any, this cross-reactivity played in decreasing COVID-19 related mortality in Uganda and other African countries, but does suggest that a better understanding of global pre-existing immunological cross-reactivity could be an informative data of epidemiological intelligence moving forward.
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spelling pubmed-104316282023-08-17 Proportion of Ugandans with pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses: A pilot study Namuniina, Annemarie Muyanja, Enoch S. Biribawa, Victoria M. Okech, Brenda A. Ssemaganda, Aloysious Price, Matt A. Hills, Nancy Nanteza, Ann Bagaya, Bernard Ssentalo Weiskopf, Daniela Riou, Catherine Reynolds, Steven J. Galiwango, Ronald M. Redd, Andrew D. PLOS Glob Public Health Research Article The estimated mortality rate of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic varied greatly around the world. In particular, multiple countries in East, Central, and West Africa had significantly lower rates of COVID-19 related fatalities than many resource-rich nations with significantly earlier wide-spread access to life-saving vaccines. One possible reason for this lower mortality could be the presence of pre-existing cross-reactive immunological responses in these areas of the world. To explore this hypothesis, an exploratory study of stored peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Ugandans collected from 2015–2017 prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 29) and from hospitalized Ugandan COVID-19 patients (n = 3) were examined using flow-cytometry for the presence of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations using four T-cell epitope mega pools. Of pre-pandemic participants, 89.7% (26/29) had either CD4+ or CD8+, or both, SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses. Specifically, CD4+ T-cell reactivity (72.4%) and CD8+ T-cell reactivity (65.5%) were relatively similar, and 13 participants (44.8%) had both types of cross-reactive types of T-cells present. There were no significant differences in response by sex in the population, however this may be in part due to the limited sample size examined. The rates of cross-reactive T-cell populations in this exploratory Ugandan population appears higher than previous estimates from resource-rich countries like the United States (20–50% reactivity). It is unclear what role, if any, this cross-reactivity played in decreasing COVID-19 related mortality in Uganda and other African countries, but does suggest that a better understanding of global pre-existing immunological cross-reactivity could be an informative data of epidemiological intelligence moving forward. Public Library of Science 2023-08-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10431628/ /pubmed/37585383 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001566 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Namuniina, Annemarie
Muyanja, Enoch S.
Biribawa, Victoria M.
Okech, Brenda A.
Ssemaganda, Aloysious
Price, Matt A.
Hills, Nancy
Nanteza, Ann
Bagaya, Bernard Ssentalo
Weiskopf, Daniela
Riou, Catherine
Reynolds, Steven J.
Galiwango, Ronald M.
Redd, Andrew D.
Proportion of Ugandans with pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses: A pilot study
title Proportion of Ugandans with pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses: A pilot study
title_full Proportion of Ugandans with pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses: A pilot study
title_fullStr Proportion of Ugandans with pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses: A pilot study
title_full_unstemmed Proportion of Ugandans with pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses: A pilot study
title_short Proportion of Ugandans with pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses: A pilot study
title_sort proportion of ugandans with pre-pandemic sars-cov-2 cross-reactive cd4+ and cd8+ t-cell responses: a pilot study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10431628/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37585383
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001566
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