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Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy
Despite being an integral part of the immune response in the tumor microenvironment (TME), few studies have mechanistically elucidated eosinophil functions in cancer outcomes. Eosinophils are a minor population of granulocytes that are mostly explored in asthma and allergic disorders. Their influenc...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10433623/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37587450 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-04418-7 |
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author | Ghaffari, Sasan Rezaei, Nima |
author_facet | Ghaffari, Sasan Rezaei, Nima |
author_sort | Ghaffari, Sasan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Despite being an integral part of the immune response in the tumor microenvironment (TME), few studies have mechanistically elucidated eosinophil functions in cancer outcomes. Eosinophils are a minor population of granulocytes that are mostly explored in asthma and allergic disorders. Their influence on primary and metastatic tumors, however, has recently come to light. Eosinophils’ diverse armamentarium of mediators and receptors allows them to participate in innate and adaptive immunity, such as type 1 and type 2 immunity, and shape TME and tumor outcomes. Based on TME cells and cytokines, activated eosinophils drive other immune cells to ultimately promote or suppress tumor growth. Discovering exactly what conditions determine the pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic role of eosinophils allows us to take advantage of these signals and devise novel strategies to target cancer cells. Here, we first revisit eosinophil biology and differentiation as recognizing eosinophil mediators is crucial to their function in homeostatic and pathological conditions as well as tumor outcome. The bulk of our paper discusses eosinophil interactions with tumor cells, immune cells—including T cells, plasma cells, natural killer (NK) cells—and gut microbiota. Eosinophil mediators, such as IL-5, IL-33, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), and CCL11 also determine eosinophil behavior toward tumor cells. We then examine the implications of these findings for cancer immunotherapy approaches, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. Eosinophils synergize with CAR T cells and ICB therapy to augment immunotherapies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-023-04418-7. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10433623 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104336232023-08-18 Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy Ghaffari, Sasan Rezaei, Nima J Transl Med Review Despite being an integral part of the immune response in the tumor microenvironment (TME), few studies have mechanistically elucidated eosinophil functions in cancer outcomes. Eosinophils are a minor population of granulocytes that are mostly explored in asthma and allergic disorders. Their influence on primary and metastatic tumors, however, has recently come to light. Eosinophils’ diverse armamentarium of mediators and receptors allows them to participate in innate and adaptive immunity, such as type 1 and type 2 immunity, and shape TME and tumor outcomes. Based on TME cells and cytokines, activated eosinophils drive other immune cells to ultimately promote or suppress tumor growth. Discovering exactly what conditions determine the pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic role of eosinophils allows us to take advantage of these signals and devise novel strategies to target cancer cells. Here, we first revisit eosinophil biology and differentiation as recognizing eosinophil mediators is crucial to their function in homeostatic and pathological conditions as well as tumor outcome. The bulk of our paper discusses eosinophil interactions with tumor cells, immune cells—including T cells, plasma cells, natural killer (NK) cells—and gut microbiota. Eosinophil mediators, such as IL-5, IL-33, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), and CCL11 also determine eosinophil behavior toward tumor cells. We then examine the implications of these findings for cancer immunotherapy approaches, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. Eosinophils synergize with CAR T cells and ICB therapy to augment immunotherapies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-023-04418-7. BioMed Central 2023-08-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10433623/ /pubmed/37587450 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-04418-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Review Ghaffari, Sasan Rezaei, Nima Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy |
title | Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy |
title_full | Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy |
title_fullStr | Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy |
title_full_unstemmed | Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy |
title_short | Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy |
title_sort | eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10433623/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37587450 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-04418-7 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ghaffarisasan eosinophilsinthetumormicroenvironmentimplicationsforcancerimmunotherapy AT rezaeinima eosinophilsinthetumormicroenvironmentimplicationsforcancerimmunotherapy |