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The battle between the innate immune cGAS-STING signaling pathway and human herpesvirus infection
The incidence of human herpesvirus (HHVs) is gradually increasing and has affected a wide range of population. HHVs can result in serious consequences such as tumors, neonatal malformations, sexually transmitted diseases, as well as pose an immense threat to the human health. The cGAS-STING pathway...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10433641/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37600809 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1235590 |
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author | Jin, Ximing Wang, Wenjia Zhao, Xinwei Jiang, Wenhua Shao, Qingqing Chen, Zhuo Huang, Cong |
author_facet | Jin, Ximing Wang, Wenjia Zhao, Xinwei Jiang, Wenhua Shao, Qingqing Chen, Zhuo Huang, Cong |
author_sort | Jin, Ximing |
collection | PubMed |
description | The incidence of human herpesvirus (HHVs) is gradually increasing and has affected a wide range of population. HHVs can result in serious consequences such as tumors, neonatal malformations, sexually transmitted diseases, as well as pose an immense threat to the human health. The cGAS-STING pathway is one of the innate immune pattern-recognition receptors discovered recently. This article discusses the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in human diseases, especially in human herpesvirus infections, as well as highlights how these viruses act on this pathway to evade the host immunity. Moreover, the author provides a comprehensive overview of modulators of the cGAS-STING pathway. By focusing on the small molecule compounds based on the cGAS-STING pathway, novel targets and concepts have been proposed for the development of antiviral drugs and vaccines, while also providing a reference for the investigation of disease models related to the cGAS-STING pathway. HHV is a double-stranded DNA virus that can trigger the activation of intracellular DNA sensor cGAS, after which the host cells initiate a cascade of reactions that culminate in the secretion of type I interferon to restrict the viral replication. Meanwhile, the viral protein can interact with various molecules in the cGAS-STING pathway. Viruses can evade immune surveillance and maintain their replication by inhibiting the enzyme activity of cGAS and reducing the phosphorylation levels of STING, TBK1 and IRF3 and suppressing the interferon gene activation. Activators and inhibitors of the cGAS-STING pathway have yielded numerous promising research findings in vitro and in vivo pertaining to cGAS/STING-related disease models. However, there remains a dearth of small molecule modulators that have been successfully translated into clinical applications, which serves as a hurdle to be overcome in the future. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10433641 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104336412023-08-18 The battle between the innate immune cGAS-STING signaling pathway and human herpesvirus infection Jin, Ximing Wang, Wenjia Zhao, Xinwei Jiang, Wenhua Shao, Qingqing Chen, Zhuo Huang, Cong Front Immunol Immunology The incidence of human herpesvirus (HHVs) is gradually increasing and has affected a wide range of population. HHVs can result in serious consequences such as tumors, neonatal malformations, sexually transmitted diseases, as well as pose an immense threat to the human health. The cGAS-STING pathway is one of the innate immune pattern-recognition receptors discovered recently. This article discusses the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in human diseases, especially in human herpesvirus infections, as well as highlights how these viruses act on this pathway to evade the host immunity. Moreover, the author provides a comprehensive overview of modulators of the cGAS-STING pathway. By focusing on the small molecule compounds based on the cGAS-STING pathway, novel targets and concepts have been proposed for the development of antiviral drugs and vaccines, while also providing a reference for the investigation of disease models related to the cGAS-STING pathway. HHV is a double-stranded DNA virus that can trigger the activation of intracellular DNA sensor cGAS, after which the host cells initiate a cascade of reactions that culminate in the secretion of type I interferon to restrict the viral replication. Meanwhile, the viral protein can interact with various molecules in the cGAS-STING pathway. Viruses can evade immune surveillance and maintain their replication by inhibiting the enzyme activity of cGAS and reducing the phosphorylation levels of STING, TBK1 and IRF3 and suppressing the interferon gene activation. Activators and inhibitors of the cGAS-STING pathway have yielded numerous promising research findings in vitro and in vivo pertaining to cGAS/STING-related disease models. However, there remains a dearth of small molecule modulators that have been successfully translated into clinical applications, which serves as a hurdle to be overcome in the future. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10433641/ /pubmed/37600809 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1235590 Text en Copyright © 2023 Jin, Wang, Zhao, Jiang, Shao, Chen and Huang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Jin, Ximing Wang, Wenjia Zhao, Xinwei Jiang, Wenhua Shao, Qingqing Chen, Zhuo Huang, Cong The battle between the innate immune cGAS-STING signaling pathway and human herpesvirus infection |
title | The battle between the innate immune cGAS-STING signaling pathway and human herpesvirus infection |
title_full | The battle between the innate immune cGAS-STING signaling pathway and human herpesvirus infection |
title_fullStr | The battle between the innate immune cGAS-STING signaling pathway and human herpesvirus infection |
title_full_unstemmed | The battle between the innate immune cGAS-STING signaling pathway and human herpesvirus infection |
title_short | The battle between the innate immune cGAS-STING signaling pathway and human herpesvirus infection |
title_sort | battle between the innate immune cgas-sting signaling pathway and human herpesvirus infection |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10433641/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37600809 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1235590 |
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