Immunogenic characterization of AlPO(4) adsorbed Td vaccine and liposome-mediated Td vaccine

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the antigenic potency and stability of tetanus and diphtheria (Td) vaccines when combined with aluminum phosphate (AlPO(4)) and liposome adjuvants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vitro and in vivo analyses were conducted using the single radial immunodiffusion method and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The Td vaccines were prepared with AlPO(4) adsorption and liposome-mediated delivery, and protein antigens were characterized using these methods. RESULTS: The results revealed that the liposome-mediated Td vaccines exhibited higher immunogenicity compared to the AlPO(4)-adsorbed Td vaccines. Additionally, the liposome-mediated Td vaccines demonstrated higher stability as native antigens. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of utilizing liposome adjuvants in vaccine development. The liposome-mediated Td vaccines showed enhanced immunogenicity and stability, making them a promising approach for improving vaccine efficacy. Understanding and optimizing adjuvant strategies can contribute to the development of effective vaccines against various diseases.