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A Falciformispora senegalensis grain model in Galleria mellonella larvae
Eumycetoma is a subcutaneous implantation mycosis often found in the foot. One of the hallmarks of eumycetoma is the formation of grains. These grains are either black or white, and the consistency and morphology differs per causative agent. The two most common causative agents of black-grain eumyce...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10436144/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37451815 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myad070 |
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author | Ma, Jingyi Konings, Mickey Verbon, Annelies van de Sande, Wendy W J |
author_facet | Ma, Jingyi Konings, Mickey Verbon, Annelies van de Sande, Wendy W J |
author_sort | Ma, Jingyi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Eumycetoma is a subcutaneous implantation mycosis often found in the foot. One of the hallmarks of eumycetoma is the formation of grains. These grains are either black or white, and the consistency and morphology differs per causative agent. The two most common causative agents of black-grain eumycetoma are Madurella mycetomatis and Falciformispora senegalensis. Since grains cannot be formed in vitro, in vivo models are needed to study grain formation. Here, we used the invertebrate Galleria mellonella to establish an in vivo grain model for F. senegalensis. Three different F. senegalensis strains were selected, and four different inocula were used to infect G. mellonella larvae, ranging from 0.04 mg/larvae to 10 mg/larvae. Larval survival was monitored for 10 days. Grain formation was studied macroscopically and histologically. The efficacy of antifungal therapy was determined for itraconazole, amphotericin B, and terbinafine. A concentration of 10 mg F. senegalensis per larva was lethal for the majority of the larvae within 10 days. At this inoculum, grains were formed within 24 h after infection. The grains produced in the larvae resembled those formed in human patients. Amphotericin B given at 1 mg/kg 4 h, 28 h, and 52 h after infection prolonged larval survival. No enhanced survival was noted for itraconazole or terbinafine. In conclusion, we developed a F. senegalensis grain model in G. mellonella larvae in which grains were formed that were similar to those formed in patients. This model can be used to monitor grain formation over time and study antifungal efficacy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10436144 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-104361442023-08-19 A Falciformispora senegalensis grain model in Galleria mellonella larvae Ma, Jingyi Konings, Mickey Verbon, Annelies van de Sande, Wendy W J Med Mycol Original Article Eumycetoma is a subcutaneous implantation mycosis often found in the foot. One of the hallmarks of eumycetoma is the formation of grains. These grains are either black or white, and the consistency and morphology differs per causative agent. The two most common causative agents of black-grain eumycetoma are Madurella mycetomatis and Falciformispora senegalensis. Since grains cannot be formed in vitro, in vivo models are needed to study grain formation. Here, we used the invertebrate Galleria mellonella to establish an in vivo grain model for F. senegalensis. Three different F. senegalensis strains were selected, and four different inocula were used to infect G. mellonella larvae, ranging from 0.04 mg/larvae to 10 mg/larvae. Larval survival was monitored for 10 days. Grain formation was studied macroscopically and histologically. The efficacy of antifungal therapy was determined for itraconazole, amphotericin B, and terbinafine. A concentration of 10 mg F. senegalensis per larva was lethal for the majority of the larvae within 10 days. At this inoculum, grains were formed within 24 h after infection. The grains produced in the larvae resembled those formed in human patients. Amphotericin B given at 1 mg/kg 4 h, 28 h, and 52 h after infection prolonged larval survival. No enhanced survival was noted for itraconazole or terbinafine. In conclusion, we developed a F. senegalensis grain model in G. mellonella larvae in which grains were formed that were similar to those formed in patients. This model can be used to monitor grain formation over time and study antifungal efficacy. Oxford University Press 2023-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10436144/ /pubmed/37451815 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myad070 Text en © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Original Article Ma, Jingyi Konings, Mickey Verbon, Annelies van de Sande, Wendy W J A Falciformispora senegalensis grain model in Galleria mellonella larvae |
title | A Falciformispora senegalensis grain model in Galleria mellonella larvae |
title_full | A Falciformispora senegalensis grain model in Galleria mellonella larvae |
title_fullStr | A Falciformispora senegalensis grain model in Galleria mellonella larvae |
title_full_unstemmed | A Falciformispora senegalensis grain model in Galleria mellonella larvae |
title_short | A Falciformispora senegalensis grain model in Galleria mellonella larvae |
title_sort | falciformispora senegalensis grain model in galleria mellonella larvae |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10436144/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37451815 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myad070 |
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