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Case report: Coxiella burnetii endocarditis in the absence of evident exposure

Q fever is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii. In humans, it can manifest clinically as an acute or chronic disease and endocarditis, the most frequent complication of chronic Q fever is associated with the greatest morbidity and mortality. We report a severe case of endocardit...

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Autores principales: Bozza, Silvia, Graziani, Alessandro, Borghi, Monica, Marini, Daniele, Duranti, Michele, Camilloni, Barbara
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10436321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37601776
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1220205
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author Bozza, Silvia
Graziani, Alessandro
Borghi, Monica
Marini, Daniele
Duranti, Michele
Camilloni, Barbara
author_facet Bozza, Silvia
Graziani, Alessandro
Borghi, Monica
Marini, Daniele
Duranti, Michele
Camilloni, Barbara
author_sort Bozza, Silvia
collection PubMed
description Q fever is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii. In humans, it can manifest clinically as an acute or chronic disease and endocarditis, the most frequent complication of chronic Q fever is associated with the greatest morbidity and mortality. We report a severe case of endocarditis in a 55-year-old man with a history of aortic valve replacement affected by monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and living in a non-endemic area for C. burnetii. After two episodes of fever of unknown origin (FUO), occurring 2 years apart and characterized by negative blood cultures, a serological diagnosis of Q fever endocarditis was performed even though the patient did not refer to possible past exposure to C. burnetii. Since people with preexisting valvular heart disease, when infected with C. burnetii, have reported a 40% risk of Q fever endocarditis, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for infective endocarditis in all patients with FUO even when the exposure to C. burnetii appears to be unlikely.
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spelling pubmed-104363212023-08-19 Case report: Coxiella burnetii endocarditis in the absence of evident exposure Bozza, Silvia Graziani, Alessandro Borghi, Monica Marini, Daniele Duranti, Michele Camilloni, Barbara Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Q fever is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii. In humans, it can manifest clinically as an acute or chronic disease and endocarditis, the most frequent complication of chronic Q fever is associated with the greatest morbidity and mortality. We report a severe case of endocarditis in a 55-year-old man with a history of aortic valve replacement affected by monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and living in a non-endemic area for C. burnetii. After two episodes of fever of unknown origin (FUO), occurring 2 years apart and characterized by negative blood cultures, a serological diagnosis of Q fever endocarditis was performed even though the patient did not refer to possible past exposure to C. burnetii. Since people with preexisting valvular heart disease, when infected with C. burnetii, have reported a 40% risk of Q fever endocarditis, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for infective endocarditis in all patients with FUO even when the exposure to C. burnetii appears to be unlikely. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10436321/ /pubmed/37601776 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1220205 Text en Copyright © 2023 Bozza, Graziani, Borghi, Marini, Duranti and Camilloni. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Bozza, Silvia
Graziani, Alessandro
Borghi, Monica
Marini, Daniele
Duranti, Michele
Camilloni, Barbara
Case report: Coxiella burnetii endocarditis in the absence of evident exposure
title Case report: Coxiella burnetii endocarditis in the absence of evident exposure
title_full Case report: Coxiella burnetii endocarditis in the absence of evident exposure
title_fullStr Case report: Coxiella burnetii endocarditis in the absence of evident exposure
title_full_unstemmed Case report: Coxiella burnetii endocarditis in the absence of evident exposure
title_short Case report: Coxiella burnetii endocarditis in the absence of evident exposure
title_sort case report: coxiella burnetii endocarditis in the absence of evident exposure
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10436321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37601776
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1220205
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