Spatial distribution of anti-mullerian hormone in females of childbearing age in China under the influence of geographical environmental factors

The Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) reference value is an important indicator of ovarian function. The main targets of this were to screen the geographical environmental factors that may influence the distribution of AMH reference values in Chinese females of childbearing age, and to further explore the geographical distribution differences of AMH reference values. We gathered the AMH data of 28,402 healthy Chinese females from 62 cities in China for this study in order to conduct a spearman regression analysis to determine the relationship between the AMH and 30 geography factors. The AMH reference value in different regions was forecasted by using a ridge regression model. The magnitude of influence from the geographical factor on different regions was analysed by geographically weighted regression. Ultimately, We were able to figure out the geographic distribution risk prediction of AMH reference values by utilizing the disjunctive Kriging method. The AMH reference value was significantly correlated with the 16 secondary indexes. The geographical distribution of AMH showed a trend of being higher in Qinghai-Tibet and Southern regions, and lower in the Northwest and Northern regions. This study lays the foundation for future investigations into the mechanism of different influencing factors on the reference value of AMH. It is suggested that such regional variations in AMH reference values be taken into account while diagnosing and treating individuals with reproductive medicine. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-16431-y.